Embracing Diversity Challenging Minds - 2946 Words

Breach of duty Breach of duty is defined as when defendant has fallen below the standard of care required by law. Once it has been established that the defendant owed the claimant a duty of care, the claimant must prove that the defendant was in breach of duty. ------------------------------------------------- A breach of duty occurs when defendant has not taken care, i.e. has been negligent. STANDARD OF CARE Breach of duty in negligence liability is decided by the objective test, i.e. the defendant is expected to meet the standard of a reasonable person. This test is from the case of: Vaughan V Menlove The defendants haystack caught fire due to poor ventilation. Defendant had insured it, therefore would lose nothing if it caught†¦show more content†¦On the day of the crash he had also been involved in two minor incidents. Held: defendant was not in breach of duty. To apply an objective standard in a way that did not take into account of D’s condition would be to impose strict liability but that is not the law. c. Professionals and special skills Standard of an ordinary skilled member of the profession. Vowles v Evans (2003) A rugby player was injured as a result of a decision made by the referee. CA said that the degree of care a referee was legally expected to exercise would depend on his grade amp; that of the match he was refereeing.This means that the same accident might amount to a breach of duty if the referee was a trained professional, but not if he was an amateur. Here the referee was a professional amp; was found liable. Gates v Mc Kenna A stage hypnotist was expected to take the precautions that a ‘reasonably careful exponent of stage hypnotism’ would take to prevent psychiatric injury to members of his audience. Watson v Gray (1998) A D professional footballer could only be liable for negligently injuring another player if a reasonable professional footballer would have known that what the D did carried a significant risk of serious injury. d.Different opinion Within a profession or trade there may be difference of opinion as to the best techniques and procedures in any situation . Bolam v Friern Barnet Hospital Management Committee P, a patient was given drugs before electric shockShow MoreRelatedNvq Level 3 Essay779 Words   |  4 PagesChildren’s and Young People’s settings 1.1 Explain what is meant by * Diversity * Equality * Inclusion Diversity basically means difference. Diversity is about understanding that everyone has things in common but also that everyone is different. Diversity is about embracing those differences because if everything and everyone was the same then life would be boaring. Some examples of diversity are listed below: * Gender * Race * Culture * Beliefs * Ability Read MoreReflection On Culture, Ethnicity, And Race905 Words   |  4 Pagesnon-Hispanic whites making up only 40% of the U.S. population is anything to go by, it is clear beyond any reasonable doubt that we need to prepare the coming generations to comfortably embrace this change (Great Schools Staff, 2015). The subject of social diversity can therefore no longer be ignored since as a matter of fact, its impacts are already here with us. Public schools are becoming more diverse, and both the teachers and the students are feeling the impact. Teachers should therefore be actively involvedRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Identity On Education905 Words   |  4 Pagesnon-Hispanic whites making up only 40% of the U.S. population is anything to go by, it is clear beyond any reasonable doubt that we need to prepare the coming generations to comfortably embrace this change (Great Schools Staff, 2015). The subject of social diversity can therefore no longer be ignored since as a matter of fact, its impacts are already here with us. Public schools are becoming more diverse, and both the teachers and the students are feeling the impact. Teachers should therefore be actively involvedRead MoreReflection On Culture, Ethnicity, And Race909 Words   |  4 Pagesnon-Hispanic whites making up only 40% of the U.S. population is anything to go by, it is clear beyond any reasonable doubt that we need to prepare the coming generations to comfortably embrace this change (Great Schools Staff, 2015). The subject of social diversity can therefore no longer be ignored since as a matter of fact, its impacts are already here with us. Public schools are becoming more diverse, and both the teachers and the students are feeling the impact. Teachers should therefore be actively involvedRead MoreWhat I Think The Synthesis Of Cultures951 Words   |  4 PagesLearning Activity 3 What I think the synthesis of cultures in America would look like if it settles. I would say the world would be more peaceful and all cultures, a race would get along. The United States of America thrives on diversity. A synthesis of the world s plentiful and varied races, religions, and culture, America is a home to all, such that no one group can call itself more â€Å"American† than another. The fusion of cultures here can be just as proud of their aboriginal culture heritageRead MoreManagement Behavior Memo992 Words   |  4 Pagesthe normal workday, but it is also needed for challenging and exciting plans for our company. As InterClean, Inc. engages into the acquisition of Enviro Tech, a more diverse work environment will be created, wherein team work will be essential for success. There are many forms of diversity, some more easily to recognize than others. Diversity can be of the mind or in circumstance, as in education accomplishments or socio-economical background. Diversity can also be of the physical body or psychosocialRead MoreEssay about The Struggles Facing LD Students1306 Words   |  6 PagesThe Struggles Facing LD Students Students with learning disabilities are a part of the educational system and they always will be. These students have a single goal in mind, but their disability and social barriers keep them from it. On the other hand, educators have pledged to teach all students, but some fail to teach LD students. This represents an ethical, moral, and legal breakdown of their responsibilities. Educators need to be properly trained and aware of how to meet the needs of theseRead MoreUNESCO Fullbright Fellowship855 Words   |  4 PagesKorea because I wanted to gain greater insight into the country’s recent economic success and add diversity to my international experiences by immersing myself in an Asian culture with which I was not yet familiar. I teach 16 classes a week. Each of these classes contains 32 to 40 students, which allows me to engage with over 500 students per week. Getting to know so many students is challenging, but I make a point of finding the time to interact individually with each of them. During my classesRead MoreMemersion Reflection Analysis1593 Words   |  7 PagesOverall, I now have a greater understanding and appreciation for diverse cultural, social, and intellectual resources in the community. Standard 5.3. Safeguard the values of democracy, equity, and diversity In today’s contemporary world, we must continue to safeguard our values of democracy, equity, and diversity. Democracy ensures personal freedom, fundamental rights, freedom of self-determination, political equality, and protection against fundamental interests (Dahl, 1998). Although we live inRead MoreIntercultural Communication in the Workforce1292 Words   |  6 Pagesemployees who have good communication and personal skills to be admirable team player. Those skills are even more valuable as the American workforce develops into wider varieties of cultural background. Corporations are quickly learning that embracing key diversity policies and procedures have positive effects on their business success. Culture is a set of learned thoughts and behaviors, which make up our way of life. In the workplace, we typically share our organizations culture with our coworkers;

Human Resource Management And Pakistan - 869 Words

Name: Maria Zohaib Roll no.: 14E00040 MBA for professionals, Sec. B Submitted to: Professor Fareedy HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN 1) Since 1990’s, after the deregulation in public sector and in a climate where privatization was being fostered, the HRM practices in Pakistan can be analyzed within three broad categories; firstly national factors, business environment conditions and institutions. 2) In 1999, out of 15 large multinationals in Pakistan, only 3 were focusing on the HRM practices, whereas the major incentives was linking salaries to performance. But despite the efforts due to lack of communication and centralized structure the value or HRM isn’t attained 3) Religion has a massive influence in all aspects, even in†¦show more content†¦8) The influence of the west, religion and the social structure are the three major determinants that influences an individual’s behaviors within the organization as well as organizational practices depending upon which factor takes the lead in influencing the most. 9) No merit -hiring; unions had political protections to have a major influence, heavy staffing, no planning for training and development of employees, were some of the issues before implementation of privatization program in 1990. 10) In 1990’s, the multinationals started reinvesting and adopted the modern practices to run business such as trainings, planning, HRM practices, goal and objective setting which was then encouraged and then adopted to some extend by the government institutions. 11) Corrupt political system and its influence on the economic sector have left the working people of Pakistan with a pessimistic outlook towards the future. 12) Bad governance is the major determinant of the economic instability of Pakistan, despite being abundant in the low-cost labor and massive land its FDI has been one of the lowest in the developing countries. It has 2.61 million of its labor unemployed. 13) The allocation of budget to education is sub-standard; the budget allocated to education is as low as 2.25% of GNP. Also the uneven distribution between primary, secondary and tertiary levels , where universities at tertiary levels for elite take away the portion of primary level budgetShow MoreRelatedRole of Human Resource Management in Organizational Productivity in Context of Pakistan2528 Words   |  11 PagesROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY IN CONTEXT OF PAKISTAN â€Æ' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Despite some negative perceptions among the international, including European, public, Pakistan has shown remarkable political and economic developments since the late 1990s when the country was on the verge of bankruptcy. With a rapidly growing population of about 150 million, Pakistan is a major country, recognised by the international community, and is one of the most important actorsRead MoreLeadership Effectiveness and Business Management792 Words   |  3 PagesManagement in business, organizations and even in politics is the function that coordinates the efforts of people to accomplish goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing and controlling an organization or initiative to accomplish a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. ManagementRead MoreWhat is a Disaster?1205 Words   |  5 PagesDisaster has been defined as â€Å"A natural or human-caused event, occurring with or without warming, causing or threatening death, injury or disease, damage to property, infrastructure or the environment, which exceeds the ability of the affected society to cope usi ng only its own resources†. The word to remember here is â€Å"without Warning†. This makes it a task, a management issue. Although most disasters are a cause, a natural phenomena which is not within human power to control but in the present ageRead MoreFamous Management Journals1231 Words   |  5 Pageswith some impact factor MPhil Human Resource Management SUBMITTED ON: 2nd March, 2012 Discipline Chosen: Management Area Chosen: HRM Journal Stated (Management): 141 HRM Journal as per ISI Thomson List: 110 Impact factor as per 2010 |SERIAL NO: |NAME OF JOURNAL |3-YEAR IMPACT FACTOR |5-YEAR IMPACT FACTOR |HRM JOURNAL IN ISI | | |(MANAGEMENT) Read MoreHrm at Glaxosmithkline Pakistan1565 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Management (HRM) at GlaxoSmithKline (plc) Objective: This report aims to explain Human Resource Management and its tactics with our exclusive discussion of HRM at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). In our meeting with the Assistant Manager of Recruitment at GSK, Mr. Sufyan Ismail, we discussed the HRM policy being implemented in the organization. This term report shall be covering the points highlighted in our discussion that include the following HR proceduresRead MoreManagement Activity Analysis in Small and Medium Sized Enterprise and Multinational Companies Context 1658 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of the small and medium enterprises in ensuring its prospect future through growth is not only about doing further business or making more money or acquiring greater kudos through larger size. Where knowledge management maturity is high, there the firms are realizing handsome profits and significant increase in growth. Growth is a strategy that basically addresses the question of unsafe and doubtful environments, with the help of attain ment of greater influence over the environment withinRead MoreSelection and Implementation of an Enterprise Maturity Model for Companies in Pakistan1730 Words   |  7 Pagesoptions as enterprise maturity models for software houses in Pakistan. Some characteristics of small Pakistani software houses are provided which affect implementation of a maturity model. Some possible problems are identified in the implementation of the best maturity model and some solutions are also provided. I. INTRODUCTION In last 15 years, information technology has developed at an outstanding rate throughput the world including Pakistan. This development of information technology also requiresRead MoreHr Case Study of Nestle Pakistan1061 Words   |  5 PagesCase study is about the Human Resource policies in Nestle Pakistan Ltd. Nestlà © is a multinational packaged food company founded and headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland. Nestlà © has been serving Pakistani consumers since 1988, when its parent company, the Switzerland-based Nestlà © SA, first acquired a share in Milkpak Ltd. The current company president and CEO is Peter Brabeck-Letmathe. The CEO and Managing Director for Pakistan is Ronald Decorvet, and the head of Human Resource is Uzma Qaiser ButtRead MoreThe South Asian Country Of Pakistan Essay1256 Words   |  6 Pagescountry of Pakistan. According to data collected by the World Health Organization in 2015, Pakistan has an estimated population of over 189 million, with a steady rate of growth of around 2% per year (1). Females in Pakistan are expected to live till 67.5 years, while males trail shortly behind at 65.5 years. The literacy rate, which is amongst the lower end of the worldwide literacy scale sits at 58% for both, women and men who are in the age range of 15-24 years. In the realm o f health, Pakistan is affectedRead MoreGood Governance in Pakistan1667 Words   |  7 PagesGood Governance in Pakistan. OUTLINES: 1. Introduction 2. Definition of Governance 3. Governance in Pakistan. 4. Failures of Governance in Pakistan 5. Causes of failures: 1. Political commotion 2. No democratic setup 3. Military intrusion 4. Feudal indulgence 5. Massive Corruption 6. Constitutional crises 7. Institutional clashes 8. Mismanagement of resources 9. Lack of Accountability 10. Over Exploitation of funds 11. Restrictions on media 12. Ethnic conflicts 13. Secterianism 14. Extremism 6 Essentials

William Shakespeares Hamlet Essay - 751 Words

William Shakespeares Hamlet Hamlet might well claim to be Shakespeares most famous play because of its language and the charm of its central character. Shakespeare wrote some thirty-eight plays. Taken individually, several of them are among the worlds finest written works, taken collectively, they establish Shakespeare as the foremost scholarly talent of his own Elizabethan Age. The play Hamlet is one of the most well-known revenge†¦show more content†¦However the progress of the story reveals the troublesome continuity of Hamlets madness. Claudius therefore describes his madness as being dangerous and turbulent to reveal the state of his own mind. Claudius realizes that he has to explore intensely, the depths of Hamlets thoughts and therefore regards him as a threat. Claudius is eventually the one who can translate Hamlets strategies and therefore realizes that madness in great ones must not unwatched go. Later Gertrude describes his madness as mad as the sea and the wind when both contend. Hamlets madness seems to be evolving with the progress of the story and the audience understands that this occurs due to his inability to act. Hamlet inspires in everyone a unique feeling so that in spite of his madness, he is adored and respected. Hamlet, as a reflective scholar and prince has an indecisive attitude to women in the play. Therefore his loathing for his mother, moves on to his loathing in womanhood. Gertrude describes Hamlet as her too much changed son however she doesnt realize the change caused in him is partly her own contribution. Hamlet cannot accept his mothers oer hasty marriage and it is this marriage which causes bitterness in his heart and sarcasm in his words. Hamlet cannot accept the fact that she movesShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet981 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is a historic writer that is well known and wrote many plays in his lifetime. In most of his plays, if not all, he has incorporated hidden meanings and messages. The majority of his hidden meanings are controversial topics of his time period. In Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, the controversial topic that is throughout the play is religion and the afterlife. Afterlife plays a big role in Hamlet and is discussed throughout the play. Multiple authors have written on the topic of afterlifeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet745 Words   |  3 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet is a unique character due to his unpredictability. He is attempting to discover the truth in a way that no other character of Shakespeare’s has done. We find Hamlet in a state of deep melancholy due to the death of his father, as well as the very sud den and lewd marriage of his uncle and his mother. Hamlet is inspired by the player giving the speech about Hecuba witnessing the massacre of her husband, Priam. He goes off on his own, and he is bewilderedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet964 Words   |  4 Pagesunsatisfactory situation. In William Shakespeares Hamlet, a characters inability to overcome their weakness due to it being emphasized by their unfortunate circumstance results in their tragic downfall. This is illustrated through Hamlets over thinking, Claudiuss ambition, and Gertrudes naive persona. Hamlets character is one that is very thoughtful and conscious, however some view these qualities as procrastination and over thinking. Even Hamlet himself acknowledges this inRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet1482 Words   |  6 PagesIn one of William Shakespeare’s most notorious plays, Hamlet, Shakespeare uses multiple scenes filled with drama to add a certain extreme dimension to the play. In a story filled with drama, such as Hamlet, an author attempts to use intense dialogue and actions in order to invoke personal emotions and feelings in the hearts of the audience. Shakespeare attempted to have the audience feel the pain that Hamlet experienced, sense the feelings of revenge that were deep in the heart of the prince, andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet1308 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, has deep meaning and sorrow to its story. It has one of the most famous soliloquies ever to be written in theater art, â€Å"To be, or not to be.† At first, reading Shakespeare’s writing seems difficult to understand and be interested in, but as the reader reads on and digs into the roots of the play, it truly grabs the reader’s attention and makes him/her want to know more of the thoughts behind Hamlet. Thus, the story of Hamlet begins and his personality shows throughoutRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet 2214 Words   |  9 PagesMadness within: Bipolar William Shakespeare had the uncanny ability to read people then put into words how individuals reacted with one another. His most known playwright is â€Å"Hamlet†. Hamlet leads the opening of the play with grandeur; but, when his father’s ghost of comes to visit him telling of Hamlet’s uncle Claudius killed him. Hamlet schemes a plan pursuing revenge. Hamlet demonstrates depression exceptionally, in the presence of his mother and Uncle Claudius. Shakespeare’s character likely labeledRead More William Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Hamlet has been praised and revered for centuries as one of William Shakespeares best known and most popular tragedies. Based on its popularity, critics alike have taken various viewpoints and theories in order to explain Hamlets actions throughout the play. The psychoanalytic point of view is one of the most famous positions taken on Hamlet.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Psychoanalytic criticism is a type of literary criticism that analyzes and classifies many of the forms ofRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet1172 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet is a complex story that uses many literary devices to help develop the characters in Hamlet. One dominant device is irony. The main plot of the story revolves around irony. Hamlet is a witty character and loves to use irony. Hamlet’s use of irony displays how he insults people, discovers useful information, and reveals his true character. The use of irony in this story helps to add depth to each character, which is why Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s most complex stories. There are three typesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet710 Words   |  3 PagesIn Shakespeares tragedy Hamlet are very few female characters that is caused by the story - the son must avenge his fathers killer , the mother s uncle . Nevertheless images of Gertrude , Queen of the Danish and Ophelia , daughter of royal adviser Polonius , played in the tragedy very important role . In these two images are not simply embodied many typical female character traits - as worthy , and not so . In the process of communication with these women reveal deeper characters of Hamlet andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Essay2474 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet When first introduced to Hamlet he is a character full of pain and confusion, still mourning his father’s death, ‘But two months dead-nay, not so much, not two’.[1] The punctuation here highlights Hamlet’s anguish. Significantly, Hamlet is already portrayed as a misfit, as no one else within the court but Hamlet is wearing mourning clothes; in Shakespeare’s time it would have been worn for at least a year following the death of a king.

International Business Transactions and Negotiations that...

The biggest apprehensions in international business are related to transactions and negotiations crossing national as well as cultural borders. In order to make this mechanisms take place on an international base level, businesses awareness of external uncertainties needs to be tackled and turned into a beneficial dimension. Reducing risks and getting access to new markets are major goals of international co-operations such as mergers, strategic alliances, contractual forms of co-operation and international joint venture (IJVs). International Joint Venture A joint venture is a collaboration agreement between two or more companies, which entails the sharing of profits and losses, skill and managerial expertise and technology to a†¦show more content†¦Ownership structure Many managers see the Ownership structure of a joint venture as the key element of the agreement as it is an indicator for the level of control and power that each party exerts. Li and Zhou et al., point out that the ownership level also gives an indication of the level of collaboration between partners, especially in cases where the majority of shares is held by one single party (2009, pp. 865--884) Joint venture perspectives Collaborative perspective The collaborative perspective focuses on the value creation of a Joint Venture. Li and Zhou et al. state that a balanced partnership will lead to both parties feeling responsible for the venture and thus increase engagement with the task and therefore increase productivity. Knowledge sharing is emphasized and the knowledge is not simply transferred to the joint venture, but adapted to suit local market conditions. In case of an equal partnership both parties are likely to perceive themselves as responsible for the joint venture, as profit and losses are shared. This responsibility in turn leads to more faith in the venture, which generates a feeling of safety and ultimately enhances the partner’s commitment to the joint venture, which showed to increase productivity (Li and ZhouShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis : Cross Border Business1649 Words   |  7 Pagesresources, and business opportunities over the last few decades. By reason of this explosion, national economies become incrementally more mutually dependent. In the meantime, cross-border business has been accelerated by MNEs, which have become universal. Furthermore, MNEs are perceived to be a chief vector of globalisation (OECD, 2005). However, there have been contrastive viewpoints on the argument of whether MNEs are the genuinely global. There are a number of existing international business studiesRead MoreGlobalization and Its Effects895 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferentiates the depth and pervasiveness of globalisation in this century compared to previous is the acceleration o f cultural issues driven by rapidly changing technologies that impact international trade agreements (Vitell, Nwachukwu, Barnes, 1993). Time is literally compressed to a level never before seen before in globalisation of previous centuries, with drastic impacts on international trade and corresponding management practices. Trade is now much more transactionally-driven and more focused onRead MorePeru Economy Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesmaterials. Peru’s economy has recently experienced a slower growth rate due to the strength of the U.S. dollar and lower commodity prices. Implications for U.S. Managers The aforementioned forces have varying implications for U.S. Managers. Conducting business operations in Peru involves inherent levels of risk. Throughout Peru’s history the most prevalent risk within the country has been political risk. Within Peru’s political parties there is no clear majority party and many Peruvians have no socialRead MoreA Research On Cross Cultural Groups And Organisations1141 Words   |  5 Pageshis pioneering research on cross-cultural groups and organisations. The author, in the book Culture and Organisations, describes national cultures as explainable along six dimensions: Individualism, Power Distance, Masculinity, Long Term Orientation, Uncertainty avoidance and Indulgence vs. restraint. Cultures play an important role in forming our ways of thinking, feeling and behaviour. Cultures differ from nations and regions. The author of the book explains the cultural differences or diversityRead MoreThe Beginnings Of Intellectual Property Rights1630 Words   |  7 Pages Beginnings of Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual property rights will remain a part of international trade agreements in the future, but the global activity will likely be characterized by varying standards and improved enforcement, reflecting evolution in social, cultural and political attitudes, and a deeper understanding of the relationships among innovation, creation and the more efficient distribution of intellectual property. Increased cooperation might occur at the governance levelRead MoreCross Cultural Sales Negotiation8301 Words   |  34 PagesInternational Marketing Review 15,1 10 Received April 1996 Revised May 1997 Accepted September 1997 Cross-cultural sales negotiations A literature review and research propositions Antonis C. Simintiras The Open University Business School, Milton Keynes, UK, and Andrew H. Thomas European Business Management School, University of Wales, Swansea, UK Introduction International business comprises a large and increasing portion of the world’s total trade (Johnson et al., 1994; Czinkota et alRead MoreGlobal Marketing : a Decision-Oriented Approach 4th Ed. Svend Hollensen.2310 Words   |  10 Pages Pages: 753 Publisher: Pearson Education Publication date: 26 Apr 2007 Search score: 36.20 eISBN-13: 9781408212011 eISBN-10: 1408212013 Print ISBNs: PB: 9780273706786, 0273706780 Description: Drawing on an incomparable breadth of international examples, Svend Hollensen not only demonstrates how global marketing works, but also how it relates to real decisions around the world. Extensive coverage of hot topics such as blue ocean strategy; celebrity branding; brand piracy; and viral marketingRead Morenegotiation2000 Words   |  8 Pagesone: The hidden aspects of International Negotiations Nations have faced enormous increase in international negotiations from 20 years ago. In an increasingly globalized world, more businesses are trying to go beyond the borders. It is obvious that negotiations preceded all cosmopolitan commercial transactions such as a product sale, formation of a joint venture, merger or acquisitions of companies, or the licensing of the business to or from a foreign firm. Negotiations are unavoidable when an essentialRead MoreThe Planning System at ANZ Bank Makes if Successsful Essay1700 Words   |  7 PagesProfit is the main objective of every business organization. Besides other tasks, they have to achieve the minimum objectives. The successful operation of any organization whatever the nature of it is largely depends upon the planning system that it adopts. So the planning for project is also the most important device to get success for a period. It plays a key role for the effective formulation and implementation of strategic plans. To protect the expectation of shareholders requires the effectiveRead MoreCultural Difference11630 Words   |  47 PagesChapter 11 Cultural Characteristics and Effective Business in China Maria Fernanda Pargana Ilhà ©u ISEG/UTL, PORTUGAL Abstract For firms in the international market the cultural characteristics of host country societies, where their managers are going to deal and work, must be learned, absorbed and adopted. A person’s perception of market needs is framed by his or her own cultural experience. More than factual knowledge of Chinese culture the interpretative knowledge is very important and difficult

America and Muslims Free Essays

Undoubtedly, the relationship between America and the Islam world has been on the wane. This continues to worsen with claims that anti terror agents are spreading a stereotype that targets Muslims especially of Arab origin. The relationship that America has with the Middle Eastern countries has changed rapidly and is now characterized by mutual acrimony and suspicion. We will write a custom essay sample on America and Muslims or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the coming in of the newly elected president, Barrack Obama and with a promise of revamping Americas foreign policy is being viewed with a glimmer of hope and renewed ties with the Muslim world, indeed this is the message communicated to the world by the recent visit to Turkey. With the war on terror still on, a significant proportion of Americans believe that extending an olive branch towards the Muslim countries is the wrong approach, instead, they belief that he should carry on with Bush policies and eliminate terrorism through force. However, this paper maintains that to change the prevalent perception that the that the world has with the United States and also to erase suspicions over the blanket condemnation with Islam, America needs to re-initiate foreign ties and extend an olive branch to the Muslim world. The hostility characterizing the relationship between America and Muslim can be traced to the events of the September 11, 2001 attack. It is important to recognize that the 2001 terrorist attack was a big blow to the United States and hit at the core of its emotions and continues to evoke anger to date. With this being the worst atrocity ever meted out on Americans in their own soil, it was bound to evoke all manner of responses both from the public and the ruling elite. The fact that the attack was masterminded and executed by the al Qaeda, a, Muslim extremist group was possible to evoke anti Islam sentiments amongst the Americans. This ushered an era of suspicion and poor relations between Islam and America. This situation was ultimately compounded by the response and the policies of President Bush. Bush responded with a decisive precision that has become a characteristic of America’s response to perceived aggression from outside. His policies and approach to attack the core of terrorism was interpreted to mean that he was out to attack Muslims (Rabasa et al 43). It has to be pointed out that after the onset of the attack, many Muslim leaders came out publicly to condemn the attack, â€Å"many Muslim leaders abroad were as keen to distance themselves from the terrorism of September 11 as were Muslim leaders in the United States. † (Crockatt 74) With the exception of Iraq, majority of Islam states also condemned the attack. In his congressional address, Bush reiterated his stand on terrorism maintaining that he did not share in the perception that Islam was fuelling terrorism. However, the situation on the ground and indeed at the international politics coupled with the war against terrorism was different, the fateful events of the 9/11 created tensions not only in America but internationally, â€Å"Muslim feel that even though they had nothing to do with those involved with terrorism, they are being targeted and profiled by government agencies. † (Khan 57) Bush’s policies and actions did nothing to change this but on the contrary reinforced it, his clarions call of you are either with the terrorists or against us meant there was no middle ground and was lumping Muslims together with the terrorists. His concentration on the Middle East as the base to fight terrorism also was an indication that he believed the Middle East, the epicenter of Islam, was behind terrorism and this is the main perception held by many Americans today. Cenap Cakmak Zaman in his article titled: What does Obama’s visit say about future Turkish-American relations? , he has examined this relationship, looking at how the recent visit to turkey by Obama will change the perception in the Muslim world. Obama is faced with an uphill task of changing this perception and also rooting it out terrorism. His popularity and positive ratings world wide lies on his message of hope and change, the change we need clarion call may have been intended for domestic affairs in Washington but the position of the United States as a global leader means that it has a huge stake in global politics. His change message hence has to be duplicated internationally and in the Middle East is where it should commence. As Cakmak maintains, â€Å"the damage done by George W. Bush to American foreign policy was extensive. Reliance on a political design similar to the Bush style would surely make the damage irreparable and US foreign policy unsustainable†. The recent Obama’s visit to Turkey can be said to be well thought out and indeed timely. The Obama’s administration in its bid to woo Muslims into the mainstream should start with Turkey because of two reasons. Geopolitically, Turkey lies in one of the most important location, bordering Iraq and also having its foot in Europe. Turkey is both crucial to the advancement of Obama’s policies in the Middle East and also in NATO. Cakmak has appreciated this by maintaining that â€Å"Obama’s administration appreciates how Turkey is indispensable in its Middle Eastern policies and actions. † Core logic behind establishing good ties with Turkey lies in the fact that it is comprised of a majority Muslims. Although secular by nature, Turkey has a huge Muslim population. Acceptance of America amongst the Turkish leadership, which has been vocal in its criticism of Bush’s reign, will go along way in thawing the existing tension and impasse with the Muslim world (Journal of Turkish Weekly). Obamas current approach represents a radical shift from the Bush’s administration which failed to recognize the strategic importance of Turkey. It is important to point out that although Turkey is crucial if easing tension with Muslims is to be achieved, it may not necessarily be an authority in the region. Due to its secularism and westernization, Turkey is not fully regarded as an Islamic state, despite its huge Islamic population. However, the recent visit may work in Obama’s favor and install Turkey as a regional leader. A prudent analysis of this visit indicates that it meant to provide a new thinking and goes a long way in reassuring Muslims world wide of the United States commitment towards re-establishing the much needed good relations with Muslims. It re-emphasizes the need for multilateral approach to global problems and might provide the needed impetus towards the fight against terrorism. A continuation of Bush’s policies will be counterproductive as it was the cause of the existing tension. For his administration to emerge credible, it must denounce unilateral approach that characterized Bush’s administration. In this way, America will be seen as working with the Muslims but not against them. Works Cited Crockatt, Richard. After 9/11: cultural dimensions of American global power. Routledge, 2007, 74 Khan, Arshad. Islam, Muslims, and America: understanding the basis of their conflict. Algora Publishing, 2003, 57 Rabasa A. , Benard C. , Chalk P. , Fair C. The Muslim world after 9/11. Rand Corporation, 2004, 43 USAK Experts and Researchers Assessed Obama’s Visit to Turkey. Journal of Turkish Weekly. 8 April 2009. Retrieved on April 26, 2009 from http://www. turkishweekly. net/news/71215/usak-experts-and-researchers- assessed-obama-39-s-visit-to-turkey. html Zaman, Cakmak. What does Obama’s visit say about future Turkish-American relations? New York community media alliance. 9 April 2009. Retrieved on April 26, 2009 from http://www. indypressny. org/nycma/voices/368/editorials/editorials_2/ How to cite America and Muslims, Papers

Art of the Surrealist Period Essay Example For Students

Art of the Surrealist Period Essay By combining elements from Cubism and the Dada Movement, Surrealists created artwork that was uncanny to the world. The Dada Movement created art that ignored traditional aesthetics, because Dadaists preferred to showcase the opposite of what art stood for during the time. Like the Dadaists, Surrealists took bold new ideas, in order to create groundbreaking art, but in a less violent way. Surrealists rebelled against the constraints of the rational mind, and the oppressive rules of society. Psychologist Sigmund Freud is responsible for influencing the Surrealists with these ideas. His writings played a significant role in the Surrealist’s desire to expose the unconscious mind, through the means of art. Freud and other psychoanalysts used a variety of techniques to bring forward their patient’s thoughts. In the Surrealist movement, artists took hold of many of these techniques to create their art, and emphasize their belief that there is creativity trapped in a person’s self conscious, that is more authentic than art that is the product of conscious decision making and thought. Sigmund Freud was a key figure in the development of psychoanalysis. Freudian psychoanalysis has three components: the unconscious, free association, and das unhiemlich (also known as â€Å"the uncanny†). Freud believed that our unconscious was a cradle for our repressed desires. Additionally, he believed in free association. This was a technique that Freud employed to allow his patients to discover unconscious thoughts and feelings, that had been repressed or ignored. Consequently, when his patients became aware of these unconscious thoughts and feelings, they could effectively manage or change the problematic behaviors that weren’t already self-evident to them. Last but not least, Freud zeroed in on the concept of the uncanny. He studied the complex relationship of the unfamiliar, within the familiar. All 3 of these elements of Freudian psychoanalysis were directly reflected in Surrealist art. Surrealists were influenced by Freud’s writings on automatism. This is in part due to the key player and founder of the Abstract Expressionist movement, Andre Breton. Breton wrote the, Surrealist Manifesto, in which he explained Surrealism as,â€Å"pure psychic automatism. † Automatism addresses the unconscious facet of Freudian psychoanalysis. Further, it is the unconscious or involuntary actions and processes we experience, such as breathing or dreaming. One technique Surrealist artists developed to try to reveal their subconscious creativity was automatic drawing. Automatic drawing is a process that allows the painter or drawer’s hand to move randomly across the page. In this process, there is a lack of rational control that is thought, by the Automatists, to reveal the parts of the psyche that would have otherwise been repressed. For example, one Automatist of the Surrealist movement was Andre Masson. Masson’s â€Å"Automatic Drawing† of 1924, is a classic example of the spontaneity found in this type of Surrealism. The marks on the paper resemble scribbles and even look automatic by the rapidness of the lines. One can clearly see the lack of conscious thought that went into it. Another aspect Surrealists delved into was the nature of dreams, which deals with the free association component of Freudian analysis. Surrealist artists used a free association of words and images. For example, â€Å"Cadavre Exquis (Exquisite Corpse)† by Yves Tanguy, Joan Miro, Max Morise, and Man Ray is a collaborative piece of art. Each artist added a part of the drawing on top of the last. The nude figure that resulted has clear elements of chance and unpredictability, that interferes with the conscious mind’s need for order, that usually occurs when artists draw or paint. This was truly a free associative Surrealist drawing, that unlocked the unconscious thoughts of artists. Furthermore, Surrealists were interested in the realm of dreams. Surrealists thought of dreams as channels for unexpressed feelings. They were provoked by dreams, and their artwork showed subconscious associations between images, text, and their meanings. .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 , .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .postImageUrl , .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 , .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:hover , .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:visited , .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:active { border:0!important; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:active , .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11 .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2a3e312a1010fb1d453e86562244cf11:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Art imitates culture EssayThis idea is based off of Freud’s theory of subconscious, where he describes that dreams are coded with messages from our subconscious mind. For example, Salvador Dali’s, â€Å"The Persistence of Memory,† was a Surrealist landscape dream work including ants and melting clocks. Dali’s painting also taps into Freud’s concept of the uncanny, as he places the familiar images of clocks and ants into the unfamiliar context of a landscape, and he also renders the objects in a way that is unfamiliar to viewers. Overall, it is prominent how much of an influence Freud had on Dali’s, â€Å"The Persistence of Memory. The Surrealists accomplished their desire to unleash art that was surprising and unfamiliar to the world. Sigmund Freud’s Theory of Psychoanalysis played a major role in the Surrealist’s goal to unleash their repressed thoughts, which created dreamlike and uncanny masterpieces. Additionally, Andre Breton was a major figure in the emergence of the Surrealist movement, who encouraged artists to look at the psyche’s influence and nature. In conclusion, the Surrealist movement made a great impact on the art history world, and even influenced future movements such as Abstract Expressionism.

Civil Right Movement free essay sample

During the 1950s and 1960s the United States of America called for a change in society. This change led to the Civil Rights movement1. The Civil Rights movement was movement in which black people urged for equality with the whites. While the Civil Rights Movement was in full stride, Black Power came to be2. The Black Panther Party took on the idea of â€Å"Black Power† believing in a pure black society and used violence to do so3. The Black Panther Party thought that violence was the way to gain equality however other activist had completely different thoughts of getting equality such as Martin Luther King. Martin Luther King was one of three biggest Civil Rights Activists, his nonviolence teaching that resembled Gandhi inspired thousands to do the same4. Martin Luther King preached nonviolence, to integrate the blacks with the whites however another activist thought otherwise. Malcolm X was one of the other three major activists in the Civil Rights movement. Malcolm X believed since white people treated the black people so badly that they should go and create their own country, after changing his religious views Malcolm believed that the white people were not all that bad5. Malcolm X however did think it was okay to use violence if forced to6. Even though his nonviolence campaigns took a long time to have an effect on the movement, Martin Luther King was the most successful because nonviolent campaign ended segregation in cities all over the south and marches such as Washington help push through the Civil Rights Act of 1964. African Americans have been fighting for equality years before the 1950s and 1960s but it was not until 1955 when a woman by the name Rosa Parks stood up for what she believed in that America called for social reform. On December 1, 1955 a woman named Rosa Parks would not give up her bus seat to a white man, this was against the law at that time7. Rosa Parks would soon be sent to jail and this would become one of the major sparks of the civil rights movement8. Parks jailing led to the Montgomery Protest where black people would boycott busses9. The Montgomery boycott would soon end segregation in busses and would become the start of something much greater, also the Montgomery protest is also known for the upbringing of Martin Luther King10. The civil rights movement took a big stride forward with the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1957 which intended to increase black voters11. The civil rights movement had many activists but three played a major role Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party. Martin Luther King had his mark in the civil rights movement from the beginning while other like Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party did not come in major effect until the late 1950s and early 1960s. Martin Luther King led many marches such as the Birmingham and the Washington march, the Birmingham march was the cause of Kennedy trying to push forward a new civil rights legislation12. The march on Washington occurred on August 28 and over 200,000 civilians came to the march, it was the final push for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which ended segregation in public facilities such as pools and restaurants13. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 also ended racial discrimination for jobs and education also it did not only apply to blacks but to anyone who has been discriminated such as women14. The civil rights movement would soon end segregation and discrimination almost all over southern America. During the civil rights movement a new term came to be 1960s, it was known as â€Å"Black Power† which was considered to be a way to revive â€Å"Black Pride†15. Americans thought it was a cry against whites who had all the power16. However, black people did not want â€Å"Black Power† to be associated with white people, the blacks believed that whites were untrustworthy and they could lead themselves and build up the black status in America which would lead to a black only society17. â€Å"Black Power† caused some disturbance and gathered the attention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People who was against â€Å"Black Power†18. The NAACP believed if a Negro supported â€Å"Black Power† they were not supporting civil rights19. â€Å"Black Power† also gathered the attention of Martin Luther King who quoted saying â€Å"Unfortunate because it tends to give the impression of Black Nationalism, black supremacy would be as evil as white supremacy. †20. American Vice president was also against this â€Å"Racism is racism- and there is no room in America for racism of any color.21† The 1968 Olympics in New Mexico also show cased â€Å"Black Power† for the whole world to see. Smith and Carlos were winners of the 200m dash winning gold and bronze, during the ceremony the two came dressed to protest, they wore black socks and carried their shoes to represent African American poverty22. The two men a lso wore black gloves to show black strength and unity, when the national anthem played the two men bowed their heads and raised their hands and formed a fist, representing black pride23. â€Å"Black Power† caused disturbance to the civil rights movement and it would be pick up by a new group the Black Panther Party. The Civil Rights movement had three different leaders Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party each with different aims. Martin Luther King aimed towards ending segregation by convincing young people to get involved, when young people got involved like students it led to sit-ins which ended segregation is 26 major cities in southern America24. Martin Luther King wanted black people to be considered equal with white people and he did with his nonviolent protest which did not strike fear into white people25. However, other activists like Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party did not approve of the idea of nonviolent protests. Malcolm X aimed towards having black people separate from white people, creating their society26. Malcolm X tried doing this by preaching in using violence if forced to, this appealed to a majority of city black people26. Malcolm X was not the only activist that used violence, the Black Panther Party also used violence but much more. The Black Panther Party believed that nonviolent campaigns would not work, it would take too long to change their life styles or may not happen27. The Black Panther Party preached for a â€Å"Revolutionary War† where they would use violence to get whatever they wanted28. Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party were three of the biggest activists but for different reasons. The Civil Rights movement were led by many people but three had a crucial effect on the movement, the three activists were Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and The Black Panther Party but they had different methods of reaching to the people. Martin Luther King had methods that were much different than Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party. Martin Luther King took the teaching of Gandhi and applied to the southern blacks in America, he preached for a nonviolent approached29. Martin Luther King did man marches such as the March on Washington in which over 200,000 people attended and where he gave his famous â€Å"I have a dream† speech30. The Selma to Montgomery March also had a great effect on the movement, it helped pass the Civil Rights Act of 1965 which increases black voters greatly in southern America31. Malcolm was known for being a great speaker, he brought a lot of new faces to the Nation of Islam32. Nation of Islam took on the same beliefs of Malcolm X’s father and also believed that blacks should be segregated from whites33. The Black Panthers wanted equality but had different methods of getting it, they believed having a â€Å"Revolutionary War†34. However, the Black Panther Party did do things that were good to everyone, they fed the poor and set up medical tents providing basic free health care. Malcolm X, Martin Luther King and the Black Panther Party each had different methods of attaining their goals weather they were good or bad. The Civil Rights movement had great leaders, Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party but Martin Luther King was the most successful. Martin Luther King is the most successful because he had start from the beginning of the movement. Martin Luther King was considered the leader of the Montgomery Boycott35. Martin Luther King`s idea of nonviolent protest appealed to people, student got involved and did sit-ins which were nonviolent protest36. Martin Luther King fought segregation in the south where it was much more in common than the north and people in south did not know what was happening in the north due to lack of media while the north knew what was going go on down south37. Martin Luther King was more exposed all around America while Malcolm x and the Black Panther Party were mostly only known up north38. Martin Luther King also did not strike fear into the white man while Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party used violence and caused disturbances in the streets. Martin Luther King won the attentions of both white and black while Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party one won the attentions of black people while striking fear into the white man and that is why Martin Luther King was the most successful. Martin Luther King’s march on Washington which helped pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were one his methods of his nonviolent campaign that help end segregation in the south. The civil rights movement was sparked in 1955 and called for change, with the upbringing of â€Å"Black Power† the civil rights movement took a step back. â€Å"Black Power† emerged in 1960s during the civil rights movement and was supposedly a way to revive â€Å"Black Pride†, whites thought it was an outcry while blacks did not want it to be associated with white people. Activists like Martin Luther King were against â€Å"Black Power† thought it was totally against the meaning of the civil rights movement39. The civil rights movement were led by Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party all within the same time but each had different aims towards the movement. The methods used by Martin Luther King, Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party were very different from each other, Martin led marches all over America while Malcolm X held speeches all over Boston and New York and the Black Panther Party relate to  the black people helped them with medical centers and feeding the poor. The goals of these activists were somewhat similar but not entirely, Malcolm X believed in segregation until his trip to Mecca in which he did not hate the white people as much, Martin Luther King goals were to end segregation all over the south and gain equality. The Black Panther Party had four goals equality in education, housing, employments and civi l rights40. All of these activists played a pivotal role in the movement but none were more successful than Martin Luther King