The Pros And Cons Of Gay Marriage - 1367 Words

This is a very controversial question and can cause a lot of debate due to many reasons such as religion, moral beliefs and just people different definitions of marriage. Some say the definition of marriage is between a man and a women, while others say its about two people no matter the sex that commit their lives together because they love each other. There are many different definitions of marriage and it all depends on simply whom you are talking to about it. In past generations many people thought the definition of marriage was just so that they can reproduce children. Debate Content: Cons: The institution of marriage has traditionally been defined as between a man and a woman. In the Oct. 15, 1971 decision Baker v. Nelson, the†¦show more content†¦People should not have their tax dollars used to support something they believe is wrong. Gay marriage would entitle gay couples to typical marriage benefits including claiming a tax exemption for a spouse, receiving social security payments from a deceased spouse, and coverage by a spouse’s health insurance policy(ProCon.org, 2014). On Dec. 17, 2009, the Congressional Budget Office estimated that the cost to the federal government of extending employment benefits to same-sex domestic partners of certain federal employees (making no mention of additional costs such as Social Security and inheritance taxes) would be $596 million in mandatory spending and $302 million in discretionary spending between 2010 and 2019. Gay marriage may lead to more children being raised in same-sex households, which are not a n optimum environment because children need both a mother and father. Girls who are raised apart from their fathers are reportedly at higher risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy (Wilson, 1996). [Children without a mother are deprived of theShow MoreRelatedThe Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage LP 3: Argumentative Essay Patty Waters NAU Composition II Sue Cochran, Instructor Sunday, March 24, 2013 Abstract This essay covers the pros and cons concerning gay marriage. You will discover some new laws and amendments that are about to happen in our country, and some things that people are against. There are many issues that will be covered from rights and benefits to getting married legally. You will read reports, stories and articles from lawyersRead MoreEssay on The Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage1019 Words   |  5 Pagessame-sex marriage. Is this a good thing? Homosexuality is illegal in many countries. Leaders punish their own citizens by jail, or even death, for being gay. In the United States, however, many states allow gay marriage. Some people approve of it, but also, some do not. Society also plays a big part in the gay marriage legalization process. Same-sex marriage is a major controversial issue in the United States; specific examples would be the views of Americans, pros and cons of same-sex marriage, andRead MoreGay Marriage: Pros and Cons1152 Words   |  5 PagesMarriag e Is Not Equal For All Gay Marriages Mikaela Acosta â€Æ' Gay marriage has been subject to taboo because our society has this conformed and learned version of marriage; marriage is only held between a man and a woman. Although this is more common today to hear of gay couples, in the first couple centuries in America this was almost unacceptable to general society. Beginning in 2001 was when gay marriage began to become much more widespread starting in Canada, Norway, Belgium, ArgentinaRead MoreDid We Go Too Far?1383 Words   |  6 PagesWalker Did We Go Too Far? 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The importance of my topic is to keep the original definitionRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal966 Words   |  4 PagesGay marriage is one of the most debated and controversial issues in today’s society. Everyone has his or her opinions on gay marriage, whether it is acceptable or should not be allowed. According to The Washington post, â€Å"59 percent say they support same-sex marriage while 34 percent are opposed†(Craighil, P., Clement). While 59% of the supporting gay is a high number, however that number is skewed. There is a difference between tolerance and acceptance, but the 59% is the total of the both. PeopleRead MoreWhy Marriage Equality Is Not At All A Harm Society Or The World912 Words   |  4 Pagesin the world become more knowledgeable to that child. In my own life, the one issue that stuck with me is marriage equality. I believe everyone should have the right to marry whoever they feel their soul-mate is in the world. Even though some believe it is wrong, there are many reasons to prove marriage equality is not at all a harm to society or the world. To start, the definition of marriage (according to dictionary.com) is the state, condition, or relationship of being married; wedlock. No whereRead MoreEssay on Gay Marriage 1616 Words   |  7 Pages Gay marriage is a very talked about topic in are country that shouldn’t be ignored. I believe men and women should be able to love freely and not be shamed by it. Marriage is a great factor in the United States. To some people it’s what we live for; is to get married and start a family. To not give everyone the same opportunity to have a happy marriage and family is unlike us. This problem is bringing a lot of hate, the same hate that was used in racial discrimination so why not give gays equalRead MoreThe Debate On Homosexuality And Homosexuality1229 Words   |  5 Pagesis defined as, the sexual or romantic attraction to members of the same gender. A male who practices homosexuality is known as being gay. The word ‘gay’ did not originally have any connect ion to a sexual connotation. In fact, the word was originally express feelings of happiness or carefree attitude. It was not until the twentieth century that people used the term gay to indicate a sexual orientation. Opposite of males, female homosexuals are given the term lesbian, which is derived from the poemsRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1434 Words   |  6 PagesGay marriage has slowly become a significant factor amongst individuals of today’s society. On June 26, 2015, it was ruled out by the U.S. Supreme Court that gay marriage was now legal. The first thing that I thought was that â€Å"Wasn’t it already legal in the United States?† Well, apparently no it has not been legalized in the United States! (Dumb me.) The U.S. is known to be a nation of equality and gives everyone the freedom of the speech, but it is actually a nation full of racism, sexism, and homophobias

Finance Case Study Free Essays

INSTRUCTOR: Mr. Konstantinos Kanellopoulos, MSc (L. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Finance Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now E. ), M. B. A. COURSE: MBA-680-50-SUIII12 Corporate Financial Theory SEMESTER: Summer Session III Case Study The Many Different Kinds of Debt (solutions) Konstantinos Kanellopoulos 22nd August 2012 CASE STUDY ON The many different kinds of debt It was one of Morse’s most puzzling cases. That morning Rupert Thorndike, the autocratic CEO of Thorndike Oil, was found dead in a pool of blood on his bedroom floor. He had been shot through the head, but the door and windows were bolted on the inside and there was no sign of the murder weapon. Morse looked in vain for clues in Thorndike’s office. He had to take another tack. He decided to investigate the financial circumstances surrounding Thorndike’s demise. The company’s capital structure was as follows: †¢ 5% debentures: $250 million face value. The bonds matured in 10 years and offered a yield of 12%. †¢ Stock: 30 million shares, which closed at $9 a share the day before the murder. Yesterday Thorndike had flatly rejected an offer by T. Spoone Dickens to buy all of the common stock for $10 a share. With Thorndike out of the way, it appeared that Dickens’s offer would be accepted, mush to the profit of Thorndike Oil’s other shareholders[1]. Thorndike’s two nieces, Doris and Patsy, and his nephew John all had substantial investments in Thorndike Oil and had bitterly disagreed with Thorndike’s dismissal of Dickens’s offer. Their stakes are shown in the following table: | |5% Debentures (Face Value) |Shares of Stock | |Doris |$4 million |1. 2 million | |John |0 |0. | |Patsy |0 |1. 5 | All debt issued by Thorndike Oil would be paid off at face value if Dickens’s offer went through. Morse kept coming back to the problem of motive. Which niece or nephew, he wondered stood to gain most by eliminating Thorndike and allowing Dickens’s offer to succeed? Help Morse solve the case. Which of Thorndike’s relatives stood to gain most from his death? Solutions THE SHOCKING DEMISE OF MR. THORNDIKE Minicase solution, Chapter 25 Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th Edition R. A. Brealey, S. C. Myers and F. Allen After the corpse was removed, police inspectors came to dust the bedroom for fingerprints. Morse knew they would find nothing. He walked down the marble staircase of Rupert Thorndike’s mansion and into the paneled library. He sat at a table in front of the fireplace, scarcely noticing the painting over it, Monet’s portrait of the legendary John D. Thorndike at Giverny. He turned on his laptop computer. Thorndike Oil had three classes of securities outstanding: $250 million of ebentures (face value), 30 million shares, and an issue of subordinated convertible notes. Morse had to calculate the change in the value of each security now that Thorndike was gone, and given the now near-certain acquisition of Thorndike Oil by T. Spoone Dickens. Table 1 reports Morse’s results. The notes summarize his reasoning. With Table 1 in hand, it was easy to calculate the increases in value due to the murder and resulting acquisition. Debt increased by 39. 5% of face value. Common stock increased by $1. 00 per share, and each convertible note increased from 103. 5% to 110% of face value (from $1039. 50 to $1100 per bond). Morse summed the gains to Doris, John and Patsy (see Table 2). Then he reached for his cell phone and dialed Chief Inspector Spillane. Thorndike Oil Table 1 Values of Thorndike Oil Securities Before and After the Murder | |Before |After | |Debt |$151. 25 million, |$250 million | | |60. % of face value |100% of face value | |Equity |$270 million, |$300 million, | | |$9 per share |$10 per share | |Convertible notes |103. 95% of |110% of | | |face value |face value | Notes 1. Debt, before: PV at 12% of the 5% coupon for 10 years, plus repayment of face value (100%) at year 10, is 60. 5% of the $250 million face value, or $151. 25 million. Debt, after: essentially risk-free. The debt will be repaid in short order and should trade very close to face value. The gain in market value is 1 – . 605 = . 395, or 39. 5% of face value. 2. Shares: Share price increases from $9. 00 to $10. 00. 3. Convertible notes: Conversion value before is 110 shares at $9 per share = $990 per $1,000 note. The bonds were trading at 5% over conversion value, or 1. 05? 90 = $1,039. 50. Note holders will convert prior to the takeover, receiving 110? 10 = $1,100. (If they don’t convert, they get only $1,000. ) In other words, the notes increase by 110 – 103. 95 = 6. 05% of face value. Thorndike Oil Table 2 Who Gained Most? (Figures in millions) | |Doris |John |Patsy | | | | | | |Debt |$1. 8 |0 |0 | | |(. 395? 4) | | | | | | | | |Stock |$1. 2 |$0. 5 |$1. | | |(1. 00 ? 1. 2) |(1. 00 ? .5) |(1. 00 ? 1. 5) | | | | | | |Convertible notes |0 |$0. 3025 |$0. 1815 | | | |(. 0605 ? 5) |(. 0605 ? ) | | |___________ |___________ |_________ | |Total |$2. 78 |$0. 8025 |$1. 6815 | ———————– [1] Rupert Thorndike’s shares would go to a charitable foundation formed to advance the study of financial engineering and its crucial role in world peace and progress. The managers of the foundation’s endowment were not expected to oppose the takeover. How to cite Finance Case Study, Free Case study samples Finance Case Study Free Essays INSTRUCTOR: Mr. Konstantinos Kanellopoulos, MSc (L. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Finance Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now E. ), M. B. A. COURSE: MBA-680-50-SUIII12 Corporate Financial Theory SEMESTER: Summer Session III Case Study The Many Different Kinds of Debt (solutions) Konstantinos Kanellopoulos 22nd August 2012 CASE STUDY ON The many different kinds of debt It was one of Morse’s most puzzling cases. That morning Rupert Thorndike, the autocratic CEO of Thorndike Oil, was found dead in a pool of blood on his bedroom floor. He had been shot through the head, but the door and windows were bolted on the inside and there was no sign of the murder weapon. Morse looked in vain for clues in Thorndike’s office. He had to take another tack. He decided to investigate the financial circumstances surrounding Thorndike’s demise. The company’s capital structure was as follows: †¢ 5% debentures: $250 million face value. The bonds matured in 10 years and offered a yield of 12%. †¢ Stock: 30 million shares, which closed at $9 a share the day before the murder. Yesterday Thorndike had flatly rejected an offer by T. Spoone Dickens to buy all of the common stock for $10 a share. With Thorndike out of the way, it appeared that Dickens’s offer would be accepted, mush to the profit of Thorndike Oil’s other shareholders[1]. Thorndike’s two nieces, Doris and Patsy, and his nephew John all had substantial investments in Thorndike Oil and had bitterly disagreed with Thorndike’s dismissal of Dickens’s offer. Their stakes are shown in the following table: | |5% Debentures (Face Value) |Shares of Stock | |Doris |$4 million |1. 2 million | |John |0 |0. | |Patsy |0 |1. 5 | All debt issued by Thorndike Oil would be paid off at face value if Dickens’s offer went through. Morse kept coming back to the problem of motive. Which niece or nephew, he wondered stood to gain most by eliminating Thorndike and allowing Dickens’s offer to succeed? Help Morse solve the case. Which of Thorndike’s relatives stood to gain most from his death? Solutions THE SHOCKING DEMISE OF MR. THORNDIKE Minicase solution, Chapter 25 Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th Edition R. A. Brealey, S. C. Myers and F. Allen After the corpse was removed, police inspectors came to dust the bedroom for fingerprints. Morse knew they would find nothing. He walked down the marble staircase of Rupert Thorndike’s mansion and into the paneled library. He sat at a table in front of the fireplace, scarcely noticing the painting over it, Monet’s portrait of the legendary John D. Thorndike at Giverny. He turned on his laptop computer. Thorndike Oil had three classes of securities outstanding: $250 million of ebentures (face value), 30 million shares, and an issue of subordinated convertible notes. Morse had to calculate the change in the value of each security now that Thorndike was gone, and given the now near-certain acquisition of Thorndike Oil by T. Spoone Dickens. Table 1 reports Morse’s results. The notes summarize his reasoning. With Table 1 in hand, it was easy to calculate the increases in value due to the murder and resulting acquisition. Debt increased by 39. 5% of face value. Common stock increased by $1. 00 per share, and each convertible note increased from 103. 5% to 110% of face value (from $1039. 50 to $1100 per bond). Morse summed the gains to Doris, John and Patsy (see Table 2). Then he reached for his cell phone and dialed Chief Inspector Spillane. Thorndike Oil Table 1 Values of Thorndike Oil Securities Before and After the Murder | |Before |After | |Debt |$151. 25 million, |$250 million | | |60. % of face value |100% of face value | |Equity |$270 million, |$300 million, | | |$9 per share |$10 per share | |Convertible notes |103. 95% of |110% of | | |face value |face value | Notes 1. Debt, before: PV at 12% of the 5% coupon for 10 years, plus repayment of face value (100%) at year 10, is 60. 5% of the $250 million face value, or $151. 25 million. Debt, after: essentially risk-free. The debt will be repaid in short order and should trade very close to face value. The gain in market value is 1 – . 605 = . 395, or 39. 5% of face value. 2. Shares: Share price increases from $9. 00 to $10. 00. 3. Convertible notes: Conversion value before is 110 shares at $9 per share = $990 per $1,000 note. The bonds were trading at 5% over conversion value, or 1. 05? 90 = $1,039. 50. Note holders will convert prior to the takeover, receiving 110? 10 = $1,100. (If they don’t convert, they get only $1,000. ) In other words, the notes increase by 110 – 103. 95 = 6. 05% of face value. Thorndike Oil Table 2 Who Gained Most? (Figures in millions) | |Doris |John |Patsy | | | | | | |Debt |$1. 8 |0 |0 | | |(. 395? 4) | | | | | | | | |Stock |$1. 2 |$0. 5 |$1. | | |(1. 00 ? 1. 2) |(1. 00 ? .5) |(1. 00 ? 1. 5) | | | | | | |Convertible notes |0 |$0. 3025 |$0. 1815 | | | |(. 0605 ? 5) |(. 0605 ? ) | | |___________ |___________ |_________ | |Total |$2. 78 |$0. 8025 |$1. 6815 | ———————– [1] Rupert Thorndike’s shares would go to a charitable foundation formed to advance the study of financial engineering and its crucial role in world peace and progress. The managers of the foundation’s endowment were not expected to oppose the takeover. How to cite Finance Case Study, Free Case study samples

Relational Database for Global Computer - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theRelational Databasefor Global Computer Solutions. Answer: The essay deals with solving the problems that have arisen on course of constructing the database for the Global Computer Solutions. The three type of difficulties that came up during the construction of the database were: Data redundancy, Data constrains and the updating of the data. The first problem was the data redundancy or the duplication of the data in the database. This type of problems can be solved by normalizing the tables of the database and distributing the database into 3NF form. For the normalization procedures the database have to be normalized into 1NF form at first and data redundancy is to be removed. After the procedure the tables are to further broken into 2NF form and the duplication of the data is to be removed and also the table is to broken into 3 NF form finally and the transitivity of the data is to be implemented. In addition to this the tables can be fragmented into different forms and according to the functionalities and the functional dependencies of the attributes of the different entities. In addition to this the data constrains also came up during the construction of the databases. These were solved by the properly defining the data into separate data types and also the range of the data are to defined properly in order to solve this kind of issues. In addition to this, the data dictionary is to be defined efficiently and hence this type of difficulties can be solved easily. The definition of the foreign keys and the candidate keys properly also can resolve the issues efficiently. In addition to this the super keys and the keys that do not have much effect to the database are also to be identified. In addition to all this updating the data also causes a huge amount of difficulties in the databases. Updating or deleting the data in a single data can creating problems for the other tables. The other tables having the same attributes would be facing data anomalies in the table. Hence this issue is to solved by defining the data dictionary and the relationship models of the database efficiently. The EER Diagrams are no efficiently drawn and are also to be understood properly before the implementation of the database. This would be helping resolving the issues that are related with the database and also increasing the database efficiency of the database. In addition to this it would help the users to store the data properly. For conclusion it can be said that, there were several type of problems that had arisen during the construction of the database but they were solved efficiently. The major problems that were identified were Data redundancy, data updating techniques and also data constrains. The solutions of the problems were provided in the essay efficiently and the solutions would be increasing the efficiency and the performance of database to a certain level. Bibliography Mitrovic, A. and Suraweera, P., 2016. Teaching Database Design with Constraint-Based Tutors.International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education,26(1), pp.448-456. Alabbasi, S., Ahmed, A., Kaneko, K., Rebeiro-Hagrave, A. and Fukuda, A., 2014, October. Data types managed database design for dynamic content: A database design for Personal Health Book system. InTENCON 2014-2014 IEEE Region 10 Conference(pp. 1-5). IEEE. Bugiotti, F., Cabibbo, L., Atzeni, P. and Torlone, R., 2014, October. Database design for NoSQL systems. InInternational Conference on Conceptual Modeling(pp. 223-231). Springer International Publishing. Shin, K., Hwang, C. and Jung, H., 2017. NoSQL Database Design Using UML Conceptual Data Model Based on Peter Chens Framework.International Journal of Applied Engineering Research,12(5), pp.632-636.

Vedic Religion, Mythology, and Society free essay sample

The early civilizations of India have proven to be a highly intellectual, god fearing, and advanced collaboration of people. From approximately 2700 B. C. E to around 500 B. C. E two societies flourished in the northern region of India known as the Indus Valley. The Indus Valley Civilization and later, the Aryans believed by some to have migrated to India from Europe and the middle East paved the foundation of Hinduism through the influences of their cultures, early religions and social structures. Unfortunately, there is little to be said of the earliest inhabitants, the people of the Indus Valley Civilization because there still does not exist a decipherment of the Indus Valley Script. Based on loose interpretations of artifacts found in ancient Indus Valley cities, we have been able to depict that the people of the Indus Valley were originally a nomadic tribe, but later had a high degree of uniformity amongst city development, a language written on a variety of small 1 inch seals, and may have worshiped Goddesses or a pre-Siva God, often seen on these seals with three faces, bullhead, sitting in a yogic position. We will write a custom essay sample on Vedic Religion, Mythology, and Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to A. L Bashman’s book The Origins and Development of Classical Hinduism, over time the Indus Valley Civilazation began to dwindle because they were driven from their lands by natural disasters, such as the sudden rise in the level of the sea bed south of the delta of the Indus River (Bashman, 1989, pg. 2). Although we have been able to extract minuscule clues from the Indus Valley Civilization, most of Hinduisms pre-history stems from an religious Aryan ancient text called The Veda, consisting of four traditions, the Rg-, Yajur-, Sama-, and Atharva-. It is important to mention that the Veda’s are thought of as eternal, or not written by human beings, and the Aryan people passed down knowledge of the Veda’s from generation to generation through word of mouth. People saw the Veda’s as extremely sacred texts or scriptures and they were verbally relayed for nearly 3000 years with little to almost no change to them. By some the translation of the Veda’s into written word was viewed as against the religion because traditionally not everyone was actually allowed or able to learn the Veda’s in early times, and also it was as if physical written words tainted the sacredness of the scripture. The priestly class of the Vedic Aryans, known as the Brahmans, were viewed as the preservers of vedic tradition. They were allowed to attend the various theological schools which would specialize in the memorization of specific texts within the Veda’s. The Veda’s were composed chronologically with the Rg-Veda as the first text â€Å"written†. The Rg-Veda consists of 10 books of 1028 hymns praising various deities, guessed to be composed in early Sanskrit as early as 1200 BCE over a period of a few hundred years. The Sama-Veda is a book of songs, all based on the hymns of the Rg-Veda. The Yajur-Veda consists of 4 books: one book is the white Yajur-Veda, and the other three are the black Yajur Veda. Within these books lies vital information regarding procedures for rituals and sacrifices. Lastly, the Atharva-Veda is a collection of hymns and â€Å"magical† material (spells, charms, imprecations, and incantations), and this Veda is essentially overlapping magic and religion. Each of the four Veda’s have a vast number of gods, or devas, being acknowledged and praised. However, within the Veda’s, stories or myths of the gods are scarcely present; that information was assumed to be common knowledge. All the pantheon of Vedic religion are divided into two classes: the gods (devas) which follow rta, the cosmic order, the set course of nature, and the demons (asura), follow anrta, or anti-rta, in an attempt to overturn the natural course of things. The gods uphold rta, which is essentially moral and physical universal law. Many other gods or devas are deities associated with nature, the heavens and space. The main Devas include Indra, Varuna, Mitra, Nastya, and the minor devas include Yama, Vishnu, and Rudra. The nature divinities include Surya (sun), Agni (fire), Soma (ritual plant), Pajanya (rain), Ushas (dawn), Earth, Moon and Night. The gods are viewed as powerful and willing beings whose pleasure or dissatisfaction determines the course of events in humans day to day lives. If they are pleased they can bless the people with rain for their crops, fertility in woman, good health, etc. and if they are displeased they first punish wrong-doers with disease, and after they are banished to â€Å"The House of Clay† a gloomy hell-like place, similar to where Hades of the Greeks resides. Of all the gods mentioned in the vedas, most notably in the Rg-Veda, the god Indra, god of war and weather, has a staggering 250 hymns in his honor. Indra is believed to be the creator of the cosmos, for when the demons, led by the serpent Vrtra, came to attack the gods, Indra, strengthed by Soma drink, faced them alone and came out victorious and from Vrtra’s dead body he created our world. Because of this, Indra is mainly viewed as a war leader (Bashman, 1989, pg. 12). The Veda’s main function were its involvement in public worship, and it were an essential part in rituals. The vedic Aryans main religious practice was promised religious sacrifice on a cyclical basis with the purpose of pleasing the gods and their ancestors. Both demanded praise and acknowledgement so anything from milk, clarified butter or ghee, curds, grain (rice/barely), soma plant, and even domestic animals were all used as offerings to the gods during sacrificial ceremonies (Bashman, 1989, ). There were two types of sacrificial ceremonies: domestic (life-cycle rites, requiring one fire) and solemn (public rites, requiring three fires). The vedic Aryan people used regular sacrificial ritual to maintain functionality of their tribe or cities. The gods were believed to have control over things such as rain, disease, sun, fertility, etc. o the people would sacrifice various goods/animals in their name in order to please them or strengthen them to help them. in order to maintain the functionality of the tribe. Each ritual was an extremely delicate experience. If one word, or one procedure was out of place the ritual was deemed void, and could even sometimes cause harm to the tribe for displeasing the gods. This is where the use of Brahma n’s were vital, the rituals did not require massive buildings or elaborate icons, but only a qualified Brahman who knew all the required procedures learned from the Yajur-Veda. Often they had several Brahman’s present in order to ensure the correct sequence of events occurred. Rituals were centered around the idea of fire. In rituals the fire god Agni would, via a specific number of domestic fires, receive sacrifices/praises from the people and pass them onto the other gods. This gives Agni the reputation of a rather important god, with 200 hymns dedicated to him in the Rg-Veda. Fire was viewed as a link between the worldly and divine realms (Flood, 2004, 41). Also, rituals consisted one other important act preformed by the Brahmans the eating of the Soma plant. According to Gavin Flood in An Introduction to Hinduism, Soma is believed to be some variation of a hallucinogenic mushroom, and was used to bring the priests to a mystical state where they could see the gods and recite veda hymns to them. Soma was not only a plant used in rituals, but was also a deity (god) and was praised for creating the link between gods and humans. To the drinker, Soma brought superhuman strength, a sense of growing to a gigantic size, and gave visions of the gods coming down to join the worshipers (Bashman, 1989, 14). Soma was also given to the gods during rituals as a strength inducer so they would be able to fight off the demons causing a tribe grief. As stated in An Introduction to Hinduism, rituals were preformed on a daily basis by every Aryan at around dusk or dawn, and also more complicated rituals were preformed at the beginning of the two lunar fortnights of the months (the days of full and new moons). One expensive and important ritual preformed during this period was the rajasuya sacrifice. It was a royal sacrifice used by kings to ensure them a place in heaven during afterlife and also to prove their worth as a king. This complicated sacrifice was put on by the king and was centered around a great stallion (or horse) that would be followed by groups of men for about a year as it roamed the plains going city to city demanding praise before coming back to the main city to be sacrificed to the gods. The significance of the rajasuya sacrificial ceremony was its link to political power (Bashman, 1989, 33). These sacrifices were used to maintain the functionality of a tribe/city and give kings the opportunity to prove their worth to the people, so kings would pay all the extensive expenses in order to put forth these ceremonies. However, the only people that were able to preform these specific ceremonies with perfect precision was the priest class (Brahmans). This gave them a considerable amount of power, and one could argue that it created a power struggle between the ruling class and the priestly class. Nevertheless, all the sacrificial offering ceremonies were a time for rejoicing, not only for the kings who put them on, but also for the entire population because everyone was benefiting. Later in vedic history, after all the Veda’s had been written, people began to grow antsy with their religion. They started to seek more answers and try to create connections between the meaning of life, birth/rebirth, karma, the gods, and the purpose of ritual (Reat, 1977, 1). This is the period when the Upanishads were written. The Upanishads were a â€Å"secret conversation† that was only meant to be heard by a select few people, and was the beginning of the emergence of Enlightenment and created the basis of classical Hinduism. Vedic religion is not the same as the Hinduism religion, it is however a precursor to it. From the vedic religion we can see the pre-stages of important Hinduism concepts, such as the connection between religious sacrifice and karma. To this day some people in traditional Hindu and Nepal societies practice early vedic traditions. The vedic religion is overall a polytheistic religion, however it seen being practiced as monotheistic and henotheistic, and in my opinion this excerpt coming from the Yajur-Veda sums up the Vedic Religion: â€Å"O Supreme Force governing the world! You function as per unchangeable laws which remain the same throughout without slightest of deviations. May I also seek inspiration from. You to be unflinchingly principled in my life. Thus I resolve to seek truth constantly by eliminating the false from my life every moment to the best of my abilities, intentions and efforts. May I be successful in this noble decision of mine.

Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Example

Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Example Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Introduction: The writer of the Book of Amos is identified as the prophesier Amos. Amos was the first prophesier in the Bible whose message was recorded at length. Although he came from a town in Judah, he preached to the people of the northern land of Israel, about the center of the 8th century B.C. The Book was likely written between 760 and 753 B.C. As a shepherd and a fruit chooser from the Judean small town of Tekoa, he was called by God, even though he lacks an instruction or a priestly background. His mission is directed to his neighbor to the North, Israel. It was a clip of great prosperity, noteworthy spiritual piousness, and evident security. But Amos saw that prosperity was limited to the wealthy, and that it fed on unfairness and on subjugation of the hapless. Amos ministry takes topographic point while Jeroboam II reign over Israel, and Uzziah reigns over Judah. Amos can see beneath Israel s external prosperity and power ; internally the state is corrupt to the nucleus. In short, they had forgotten what it meant to follow God. Amos took his sturdy message straight to the spiritual governments of his twenty-four hours, alternatively of listening to him, they threw him out. In the same manner that Amos challenged the Israelites to reconsider their precedences, he challenges us in the flood tide to his book, and reminds us of what God wants ( Amos 5:24 ) . In this essay, I wish to compose an debut on the Book of Amos. Background and Meaning of Amos: The Book of Amos is set in a clip when the people of Israel have reached a low point in their devotedness to God. The people have become greedy and have stopped following and adhering to their values. The people in Amos clip expected the day of the Lord to be a field day ; but Amos pointed a different image of ineluctable panic. Scholars have understood Amos image of Yahweh go throughing through the thick of the people of Israel as an allusion ; to his go throughing through Egypt. They make mention in this respect to ( Exodus 12:12 ) . For I will go through through the thick of you ; says Yahweh. Harmonizing to Amos, Israel is guilty of unfairness toward the inexperienced person, hapless and immature adult females. As penalty Yahweh s retribution would be directed against Israel, and the prophesier warns his audience ; Is non the twenty-four hours of the Lord darkness in it ( Amos 5:20 ) . The day of the Lord was widely celebrated and extremely anticipated by the followings of God. Amos came to state the people that the day of the Lord was coming shortly and that it meant godly opinion and justness for their wickednesss. Structure and Subject: The nine chapters of the Book of Amos stress one cardinal subject. The people o the state of Israel has broken their compact with God, and his opinion against their wickedness will be terrible. In the first major subdivision of the book, Amos begins with seize with teething words of opinion against the six states environing the lands of Judah and Israel. These states are Damascus, Gaza, Tyre, Edom, Ammon and Moab. Next he announces God s opinion against Judah, Israel s sister state to the South ; and because of Israel s resentment toward Judah ; Amos hearer must hold greeted this call of day of reckoning with pleasant understanding. Further, the 2nd major subdivision of the book of Amos is the prophesier s three seize with teething discourses of opinion against the state of Israel ( 3:1 6:14 ) . He referred to the wealthy, luxury-seeking adult females of Samaria the capital metropolis of Israel as cattles of Bashan ( Amos 4:1 ) . He besides attacked the system of graven image worship which king Jeroboam II had established in the metropoliss of Bethel and Gilgal ( Amos 4:4, 5:5 ) . The state of affairs clearly called for a brave prophesier who could name the state back to reliable religion, every bit good as a policy of equity and justness in their traffics with their fellow citizens. In the 3rd major subdivision, the prophesier Amos presents five visions of God s nearing opinion. The prophesier s vision of a basket of fruit is peculiarly in writing. Amos described the state of Israel as a basket of summer fruit, connoting that it would shortly botch and rut in the vesiculation Sun of God s opinion ( 8:1 14 ) . Amos unquestioning obeisance and his clear announcement of God s message show that he was committed to the Lord, and His rules of sanctity and righteousness comes through clearly in the book. Amos made it kick that Israel would be judged badly unless the people turned from their wickedness and looked to the one true God for strength and counsel. The Book of Amos ends on a positive, optimistic note. Amos predicted that the people of Israel would be restored to their particular topographic point in God s service after their season of opinion had come to an terminal ( Amos 9:11-15 ) . This note of hope is characteristic of the Hebrew Prophetss ; they pointed to a glorious hereafter for God s people, even in the thick of dark times. Evaluation: The Book of Amos is one of the most facile calls for justness and righteousness to be found in the Bible. It came through a low shepherd who dared to present God s message to the wealthy and influential people of his twenty-four hours. Amos lived up to his name as he declared God s message of opinion in dramatic manner to a iniquitous and disobedient people. Amos message is merely every bit seasonably for our universe, since God still places a higher value on justness and righteousness. Amos spoke because the Lord had called him to present His message of opinion. This is one of the clearest statement of irresistible impulse of the Godhead call to be found in the Bible. Decision: Amos is known as the great prophet of righteousness of the Old Testament. His book underlines the rule that faith demands righteous behaviors. True faith is non a affair of detecting feast yearss, offering burned offerings, and idolizing at sanctuary, but reliable worship consequences in changed behavior, seeking God s will, handling others with justness and following God s bid. A positive spirit, which issued from Amos deep religion in God sustained the prophesier and gave him hope for the hereafter. This great penetration is summarized by these words from the prophesier. Let justness tally like H2O and righteousness like a mighty watercourse ( 5:24 ) . Although Amos was a shepherd by business, his book gives grounds of careful literary workmanship. The technique which the prophesier used was puns or dramas on words to drive place his message. For illustration when the prophesier negotiations about the summer fruit suggest the terminal of the land of Israel ; like ripe summer fruit, Israel was mature for God s opinion.

A Literary Review of Everyday Use by Alice Walker

A Literary Review of Everyday Use by Alice Walker American writer and activist Alice Walker is best known for her novel The Color Purple, which won both the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award. She has written numerous other novels, stories, poems, and essays. Her story Everyday Use originally appeared in her 1973 collection, In Love Trouble: Stories of Black Women, and has been widely anthologized since. The Plot of 'Everyday Use' The story is narrated in the first-person by a mother who lives with her shy and unattractive  daughter, Maggie, who was scarred in a fire as a child. They are nervously waiting for a visit from Maggies sister, Dee, to whom life has always come easy. Dee and her companion  boyfriend arrive with bold, unfamiliar clothing and hairstyles, greeting Maggie and the narrator with Muslim and African phrases. Dee announces that she has changed her name to Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo, saying that she couldnt stand to use a name from oppressors. This decision hurts her mother, who named her after loved ones. During the visit, Dee lays claim to certain family heirlooms, such as the top and dasher of a butter churn, whittled by relatives. But unlike Maggie, who uses the butter churn to make butter, Dee wants to treat them like antiques or artwork. Dee also tries to claim some handmade quilts, fully assuming shell be able to have them because shes the only one who can appreciate them. The mother informs Dee that she has already promised the quilts to Maggie. Maggie says Dee can have them, but the mother takes the quilts out of Dees hands and gives them to Maggie. Dee then leaves, chiding the mother for not understanding her heritage, and encouraging Maggie to make something of yourself. After Dee is gone, Maggie and the narrator relax contentedly in the back yard. The Heritage of Lived Experience Dee insists that Maggie is incapable of appreciating the quilts. She exclaims, horrified, Shed probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use. For Dee, heritage is a curiosity to be looked at and something to put on display for others to look at, as well. She plans to use the churn top and dasher as decorative items in her home. She plans to hang the quilts on the wall, [a]s if that was the only thing you could do with quilts. She even treats her own family members as curiosities. She takes numerous photos of them, and the narrator tells us, She never takes a shot without making sure the house is included. When a cow comes nibbling around the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and Maggie and the house. But Dee fails to understand that the heritage of the items she covets comes precisely from their everyday use their relation to the lived experience of the people whove used them. The narrator describes the dasher as follows: You didnt even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. In fact, there were a lot of small sinks; you could see where thumbs and fingers had sunk into the wood. Part of the beauty of the object is that it has been so frequently used, and by so many hands in the family, suggesting a communal family history that Dee seems unaware of. The quilts, made from scraps of clothing and sewn by multiple hands, epitomize this lived experience. They even include a small scrap from Great Grandpa Ezras uniform that he wore in the Civil War, which reveals that members of Dees family were working against the people who oppress[ed] them long before Dee decided to change her name. Unlike Dee, Maggie actually knows how to quilt. She was taught by Dees namesakes Grandma Dee and Big Dee so she is a living part of the heritage that is nothing more than decoration to Dee. For Maggie, the quilts are reminders of specific people, not of some abstract notion of heritage. I can member Grandma Dee without the quilts, Maggie says to her mother. It is this statement that prompts her mother to take the quilts away from Dee and hand them to Maggie because Maggie understands their history and value so much more deeply than Dee does. Lack of Reciprocity Dees real offense lies in her arrogance and condescension toward her family, not in her attempted embrace of African culture. Her mother is initially very open-minded about the changes Dee has made. For instance, though the narrator confesses that Dee has shown up in a dress so loud it hurts my eyes, she watches Dee walk toward her and concedes, The dress is loose and flows, and as she walks closer, I like it. The mother also shows a willingness to use the name Wangero, telling Dee, If thats what you want us to call you, well call you. But Dee doesnt really seem to want her mothers acceptance, and she definitely doesnt want to return the favor by accepting and respecting her mothers cultural traditions. She almost seems disappointed that her mother is willing to call her Wangero. Dee is possessive and entitled as her hand close[s] over Grandma Dees butter dish and she begins to think of objects shed like to take. And shes convinced of her superiority over her mother and sister. For example, the mother observes Dees companion and notices, Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head. When it turns out that Maggie knows much more about the history of the family heirlooms than Dee does, Dee belittles her by saying, Maggies brain is like an elephants. The entire family considers Dee to be the educated, intelligent, quick-witted one, and so she equates Maggies intellect with the instincts of an animal, not giving her any real credit. As the mother narrates the story, she refers to Dee as Wangero. Occasionally she refers to her as Wangero (Dee), which emphasizes the confusion of having a new name and also pokes a little fun at the grandness of Dees gesture. But as Dee becomes more and more selfish and difficult, the narrator starts to withdraw her generosity in accepting the new name. Instead of Wangero (Dee), she starts to refer to her as Dee (Wangero), privileging her original given name. When the mother describes snatching the quilts away from Dee, she refers to her as Miss Wangero, suggesting that shes run out of patience with Dees haughtiness. After that, she simply calls her Dee, fully withdrawing her gesture of support. Dee seems unable to separate her new-found cultural identity from her own long-standing need to feel superior to her mother and sister. Ironically,  Dees lack of respect for her living family members as well as her lack of respect for the real human beings who constitute what Dee thinks of only as an abstract heritage provides the clarity that allows Maggie and the mother to appreciate each other and their own shared heritage.

Critical Response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical Response paper - Essay Example No male dictator in history has ever had that much control. Women have been suppressed, but still contributed to the history of the whole human race. The history of women is very important, because this history has not only shaped women of today, but also the men. Women today have been shaped by the history of their culture. For example, Canadian women have contributed to the Canadian culture. Strong-Boag, Gleason, and Perry state, â€Å"A vision of history devoid women is at least half wrong† (1). What Canadian leader can claim that they were not influenced by at least one woman, whether it be mother, wife, lover, or friend? Women have influenced history, forging their own history, even if it has not been formally acknowledged. Not only have women shaped all history, but their own history. Some aspects of this history are not pleasant or widely focused on. An example would be when discussing the suffrage movement in the United States, women of the upper class did not want equality for all women, especially their servants. This has continued to this day. You do not see Hilliary Clinton going to Arkansas speaking with uneducated poor women with twelve children, declaring that they are equal to her. Canadian women are not above this bias. For example â€Å"Jeans/Johns—Talon, Simcoe, Macdonald, Lesage, Diefenbaker, and Chretien, and the Roberts—Baldwin, Borden, and Stanfield, Bourassa—who monopolized the textbooks† (Strong-Boag, Gleason, and Perry, 3-4). These women felt that the aboriginal women were not their equals. This is an accurate portrait of womens history. Women can change the future of history. When feminism or womens rights group start advocating equal opportunities for all women such as â€Å"women of color, working class-women, poor women, disabled women, Jewish women, lesbians, old women†, then the future will be shaped by both men and women (Bennett, 13). Of course, both

Short and long-term career goals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Short and Long-Term Career Goals - Essay Example Accounting has been my passion since I discovered what it was, and thus, as soon as I finished my Business Administration course and received my degree from Makerere University in 2005, I marched on to Nile Cargo Carrier Inc. to work as a junior accountant. During my tenure at NCCI, I witnessed firsthand its evolution and impact on society as it expanded, first nationally, and eventually internationally. Therefore, when I was leaving it after six years, I felt more than only sad; I felt that I was my attachment with the organization and its goals. I, now, shared its vision. In addition, thus, I took it upon myself to no longer be a mere employee of the company, but instead to establish a greater link and make more productive and active moves in its betterment. Therefore, I did. Moreover, all the while, I also founded Lusse Children’s Foundation and did some community service for my country. By 2013, as director of the organization, I have made it a personal goal to work toward s getting funds for food, shelter, and education project, and I believe to be a successful NGO, one needs to earn the trust of people, and there would be nothing better out there to prepare myself for the trust with a Northeastern degree.Everyone has a selfish side. My perspective is to establish, all the while expanding LCF, a financial consulting firm that aims to give advice to small or lower budgeted businesses. Furthermore, since I have mostly held friendly relationships with my teachers, I have become inspired to propagate MBA.

Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

Lord of the Flies Essay A symbol can express an idea, clarify meaning, or enlarge literal meaning. In the book, â€Å" Lord of the Flies† by William Golding, there are many symbols such as the pig’s head, fire, painted faces, and Piggy’s glasses. However one symbol stands out more than the others, the conch. The conch symbolizes order, government, savagery, and even one of the characters called Piggy. Order was one of the main themes that the conch symbolized. When Ralph and Piggy first found the conch Piggy said, â€Å"We can use this to call the others. Have a meeting. They’ll come when they hear us. † (16). Automatically they find the conch, blow on it, and everyone on the island comes to the platform. This shows that they are trying to have everything be put in order by calling a meeting and discussing everything that is going on, and to discuss how they are going to survive. Another example of order is, â€Å" I’ll give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he’s speaking. We’ll have rules! Lots of rules! † (33). This shows that they want the order of England and of school. When in school, if the students have a question or an answer, they raise their hands and say what they are going to say. Another main theme in this book that the conch symbolizes is government. For example, when they called the meeting Ralph said, â€Å" Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things. † (22). This shows that they want for the island to be like England and have a ruler. The ruler would tell them what is right, what is wrong, and how they should be doing everything. Another example of government is, â€Å" Let him be chief with the trumpet-thing. † (22). The children on the island wanted Ralph to be the chief because he started to lead by just blowing the conch. To the children it showed that he knew what he was doing, and they thought he knew how to go home. The other theme that the conch symbolizes is the savagery. For example, Jack explained. â€Å" I agree with Ralph. We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages. We’re English, and the English are best at everything. So we’ve got to do all the right things. † (42). This shows that in the beginning of the book, Jack thinks that they are not savages. The thing is that every human has savagery in them in some way or form. Toward the end of the book when Jack is in the separate tribe, it describes, â€Å" Before the party has started a great log had been dragged into the center of the lawn and Jack, painted and garlanded, sat there like an idol. There were piles of meat on green leaves near him, and fruit, and coconut shells full of drink. † (149). The conch forced Jack to make a separate tribe, because he was tired of taking orders from Ralph. He wanted to be chief so badly that he created a tribe and convinced almost all of the children to go to his side. He provided the children with meat and protection that Ralph didn’t. The conch also symbolized the book’s character of Piggy. An example would be when the plan first crashed and the meeting was not called, Piggy said, â€Å" S’right. It’s a shell! I seen one like that before. On someone’s back wall. A conch he called it. He used to blow it and then his mum would come. It’s ever so valuable. † (15). At the beginning he was the one who discovered the conch. Piggy was also the one to tell Ralph to blow on the conch so that all the children on the island would all meet at the platform. Another example would be one of the main turning points in the book, â€Å" The rock struck Piggy a glancing blow from the chin to knee; the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist. Piggy, saying nothing, with no time for even a grunt, traveled through the air sideways from the rock, turning over as he went. (181). When Piggy first arrived on the island he found the conch, and when Piggy died the conch died along with him. Once Piggy and the conch were gone, the order of the island was gone as well. The conch was both the leader and the assaciane at the same time. At first the conch was the one who brought the tribe together. It provided order and a sense of government on the island. However, in the end in was the one to tear everyone apart. It created Jack to act as a savage and for him to create a whole new tribe to torture Ralph. Once the conch exploded all the order and the government went with it, and out came the savage in everyone. In the end they even get rescued because of the conch. When the conch exploded into pieces, Jack’s tribe went to go find Ralph to kill him. Jack set the whole island on fire to smoke Ralph out to kill him. By setting the island on fire the smoke could be seen from miles away. The navy was able to see the smoke and they came to rescued the children. Isn’t it ironic. The whole time Ralph talked about the fire being the main priority, and in the end Jack’s fire rescued them from the island.

Franklin Roosevelt :: essays research papers

Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt was born in Hyde Park, New York on January 30th, 1882, the son of James Roosevelt and Sara Delano Roosevelt. His parents and private tutors provided all of Franklinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s formative education. Roosevelt attended Groton, a prestigious preparatory school in Massachusetts between the years 1896-1900; he received a BA degree in history from Harvard University in only three years (1900-1903). Franklin next studied law at New Yorkà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Columbia University. When he passed the bar examination in 1907 he left the school without taking a degree. It wasnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t until 1910 that he entered politics and was elected to the New York State Senate as a Democrat. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“He became the leader of a group of insurgent Democrats who prevented the Tammany candidate, William F. Sheehan, from being chosen for the U.S. Senate.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Goldberg) Roosevelt allied himself with Woodrow Wilson in election of 1912. Because of his efforts Woodrow Wilson appointed him Assistant Secretary of the Navy, he held that position from 1913 to 1920. In 1920 he ran as a vice presidential nominee with James M. Cox who lost overwhelmingly to Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. The summer after while vacationing at Campobello Island, New Brunswick, Roosevelt contracted à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?(Watts) He never regained the use of his legs. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“He established a foundation at Warm Springs, Georgia to help other polio victims, and inspired, as well as directed, the March of Dimes program that eventually funded an effective vaccine.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Goldberg) In July 1932, Roosevelt was chosen by the Democratic Party as its presidential candidate to run against the Republican incumbent, Herbert C. Hoover. In November, Roosevelt was overwhelmingly elected President. He entered the White House at the worst of times, the economic structure of the country severely damaged. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Fear and despair hung over the nation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Rooseveltà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s inaugural speech had words of hope for the troubled country---à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itselfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?---à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“This Nation asks for action, and action now. We must act and act quickly.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? And act quickly he did in what became known as the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Hundred Days.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? He and his administration rushed a series of anti-depression measures through congress; all of these changes to the American economy became called the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“New Deal.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Some of the m ajor changes included Government agencies, most notably the Agricultural Administration and the Public Works Administration were setup to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“reorganize industry and agriculture under controls and to revive the economy by a vast expenditure of public funds.

Compare contrast essay Essay

Novelist Paul Sheldon has plans to make the difficult transition from writing historical romances featuring heroine Misery Chastain to publishing literary fiction. Annie Wilkes, Sheldon’s number one fan, rescues the author from the scene of a car accident. The former nurse takes care of him in her remote house, but becomes irate when she discovers that the author has killed Misery off in his latest book. Annie keeps Sheldon prisoner while forcing him to write a book that brings Misery back to life. Compare & Contrast Essay â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by: William Faulkner & â€Å"Misery† by: Stephen King I’ve chosen to compare & contrast â€Å"A Rose for Emily† By: William Faulkner with â€Å"Misery† By: Stephen King, Obsessive women, broken ankles, trapped men & Suspenseful endings both of these stories have a lot in common. In Stephen King’s â€Å"Misery† A Famous Novelist named Paul Sheldon is transitioning his writing from Romance to Fiction. While on his way to Colorado from his winter hide away he is in a horrific car accident brought on by the harsh weather conditions. Thankfully the writer’s number one fan and former nurse Annie Wilkes lived nearby and saved Paul from freezing to  death. Annie Wilkes just like Miss Emily Grierson lived isolated and away from the world, though Miss Emily lived in the town & Annie Wilkes didn’t Miss Emily Isolated herself socially by not leaving her home nor opening the door when people of the town came by. Annie However, actually lived in an isolated cabin in the mountains. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† people of the town feel sorry for her because after losing her father (page: 207 she was sick for a long time), But not long after they began seeing her with a gentle man named Homer Barran. A construction worker who had come into town to pave the sidewalks. After a year of being with Homer the towns folk began saying they would marry even though Homer claimed to like men (page: 209, He was not a marrying man). One evening after  ending their relationship Homer went to see Miss Emily using rat poison she killed him and let everyone believe he left and went on with his life while she hid his remains. Annie Wilkes didn’t kill Paul Sheldon, but took advantage of the fact that he had been put in critical condition due to the car accident she removed him from. For weeks she held him captive until he gave her favorite novel the proper ending it deserved. After noticing his several, sneaky attempts to escape Annie straps Paul to the bed and cripples him by breaking both his ankles with a sledge hammer. Both of these women felt the need to keep these men hidden, trapped, and injured so they may stay with them forever. Miss Emily trapped Homer in death to stay with her since he had no interest in marrying her. In â€Å"Misery† Prior to having his ankles broken Paul finds newspaper clippings of previous victims of Annie where she was never convicted, He then realizes he may be next on her list. Soon after crippling Paul an officer drops by to see if Annie was aware that Novelist Paul Sheldon was missing and they were searching for him. Paul hears the officer and yells for help when Annie hears his screams she kills the officer and Paul is left once more to endure her gruesome punishment. Neither one of the men could predict what was going to happen to them, but Homer didn’t endure being tortured nor was he held captive for weeks. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Miss Emily was never caught nor suspected for the  disappearance of Homer. After the death of Miss Emily and after her services the town folk were curious to see  the inside of her home. (page 211, there was one room that no one had seen in forty years, and which would have to be forced). After entering the room they noticed mens toiletries, suits, ties and a pair of shoes even more so they noticed the man in her bed, His well over rotten body lay there in a nightshirt and next to him they could see where Miss Emily would lay beside him every night after his death. Unlike Miss Emily Annie didn’t get away with what she did to Paul, after killing the officer Paul tricks her into buying Champagne and cigars to celebrate the return of Misery, while setting up for their night of celebration Paul lights the re-written novel on fire and throws it. Annie begins to put out the flame when Paul slams his typewriter on the top of her head and shoves pieces of the burned novel pages into her mouth, she then dies of a fractured skull. Sometime after Paul is rescued by police. Both of these stories where great and though they are in different settings the characters shared similar physiological problems and depression. I think if both of these women met and could ever be in the same story there would be gory, suspenseful, torturing of men. I would like to read a book where Stephen King and William Faulkner write a story sharing both their ideas, I think it would be very interesting, thrilling and great to read.

Common man Essay

At one level, the thesis is then just another callow compromise by the author in a life that he would call hollow, servile, and insincere. He is a weak and miserable man. Early in life, he was instilled with the desire to live according to what Bolles (1985) referred to as the three boxes of life, a desire that most middle-class parents bequeath to their children in the developing world. The three boxes of life being: foreign Western education, or rather training; high paying professional work in the West or the Middle East; and lastly a cushy retirement plan in North America and/or Europe, or a dollar-indexed pension to be paid in the home country. In other words, to borrow the incisive language of Malcolm X, my social milieu spoke to me in the following way: try to change your status from that of a field slave in the developing world to a house slave in a developed country so that you are of more use to the master and get to live a relatively comfortable life. On no account are you to forge a common cause with your fellow field slaves and work towards a new reorganization of the plantation so that all can live with dignity. You are, of course, allowed to be compassionate towards the lower orders, give charity, and urge them to be like you in the lust to emulate the master. Thus, I came to view myself as a rat, in all senses of the word, and my country as a sinking ship. Foreign education was the life boat on which I could get out of the ship and serve with a smile those very institutions and interests that had boarded and scuttled not only my ship but many others like it. As for those drowning in the decks below, the thought never really entered my mind. I now freely admit that I could not escape the clutches of the first box even when I became aware that I would be serving the very interests that were antithetical to what I thought represented the best in humanity. My ensnarement was due not so much to the strength of the box but to some path dependency processes which were accentuated largely by my own weaknesses, an unhealthy craving for wealth and status, and, lastly, craven cowardice that has made me so far, to quote Hamlet, ‘bear the ills we have than fly to those that we know not of.’ The jury is still out on the second and third boxes though. I hope the thesis will help me make my escape from them.

Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay Essays

Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay Essays Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay Essay Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay Essay Sexual Ethical motives are built-in to Judaism because they provided direct counsel on how to act morally and in conformity with the Torah and God. Although. over many old ages Jews were enduring from persecution. they are presently demoing stableness which can be attributed to the model that is outlined through the strong moralss that they uphold. Sexual moralss provide counsel on how to act morally. righteously and in conformity to the Torah every bit good as forestalling promiscuousness. unfaithfulness. immorality and sexual Acts of the Apostless which hinder the stability of Judaism. The instructions on Adultery. homosexualism. contraceptive method and pre-marital sex provide a model for Judaic behavior through re-iterating the rule beliefs of monogamousness. reproduction. fidelity and the compact made between Moses. Abraham and God in a practical mode. Sexually ethical behavior is indispensable as it promotes behaviour that is respectful. consensual. faithful. morally right and righteous. Sexually ethical behavior provides Judaism with moral model for reproduction. fidelity and the ability to keep religion. Adultery is the most valued sexual ethical instruction in Judaism because it breaks the compact made between Abraham and Moses and defies the rule beliefs of love and fidelity. Adultery straight defies the Judaic belief of love. committedness and the sacred establishment of matrimony and is immoral because it put in hazard the household unit which disintegrates love between spouses and inturn interruptions honest and trust. In add-on to this. as monotheists. Jews believe in fidelity and reproduction and criminal conversation amendss and destabilises the societal model for Judaic behavior therefore supplying behavior that is evil and unethical. The cosmopolitan disapprobation of criminal conversation by Orthodox. Conservative. Reform and Broad Jews indicates that criminal conversation is immoral as it breaks the word of God. The united stance on criminal conversation reflects the value of matrimony and this is apparent in the Torah where it states. â€Å"Do non perpetrate adultery† in the Ten Commandments. This is farther emphasised in the commandment. â€Å"You shall non covet your neighbors married woman. † Furthermore. the cosmopolitan disapprobation of criminal conversation by all Judaic discrepancies reflects Judaic beliefs as t protects society from promiscuousness. disease and deformed birth which have the possible to endanger the model for Judaic behavior and hence continue the tradition in stableness and morality. This consequences in society being spiritually and ceremonially clean. besides promote the belief of fidelity and honestness. which will inturn promote Judaism to be moral and stable. Sexually ethical behavior is important promotes the beliefs in God’s true purposes ; that love was between a adult male and a adult female. In add-on to this. the morality and stableness of Judaism is affected by the limitation of reproduction which comes with the act of homosexualism. The importance of life and reproduction is clearly apparent in the Judaic stance on homosexualism as Judaic faith and community is against homosexualism. sing it as iniquitous. whether homosexual or sapphic. as it destabilises the model for Judaic behavior. Homosexuality is non the ideal province in Judaism and is a challenge to the ideal of matrimony and household as it inhibits length of service and continuity of the tradition therefore destabilizing the faith through immoral Acts of the Apostless. It is of import to observe that it is homosexual Acts of the Apostless. non homosexual orientations that are out as Judaism focuses on a person’s actions instead than a person’s desires. In add-on to this. it defies buggery. hence advancing the rule beliefs of fidelity and ritual cleanliness. Homosexuality defies the direct word of God to ‘Go Forth and multiply’ ( Genesis 1:28 ) . because it promotes unfaithfulness. ritual uncleanliness and accordingly endangering the model for Judaic behavior. This can be reinforced as stated it Leviticus. â€Å"No adult male is to hold sexual dealingss with another adult male. God hates that† . ( 18:22 ) . Such an act is condemned in the strongest possible footings as it is detestable and is punishable by decease by the Orthodox Jews. The Orthodox stance on homosexualism can be reinforced as Leviticus provinces. â€Å"If a adult male lies with a adult male as one lies with a adult female. both of them have done what is abhorrent. They must be put to death† ( 20:13 ) . Furthermore. progressive and conservative Jews are more likely to accept homosexualism. but those who are homosexual are discouraged from rehearsing and showing their disposition. The act of homosexualism may non be an ideal province in Judaism but due to modern promotions. is easy doing its manner into going accepted. Sexually ethical behavior is indispensable as it allows Jews to follow a model that has established the belief in the demand for reproduction. The act of sloping seed straight defies and destabilises the belief in reproduction and the right to bear kids with your spouse. In add-on to this. the act of contraceptive method defies the mitsvah to get married. procreate and have kids. The methods of contraceptive method allowed under Judaic jurisprudence are those that don’t harm the sperm or forestall it from acquiring to the intended finish. such as preventive pill. This is because the Tenakh provinces that God wanted worlds to dwell the Earth. The spiritual position on birth control is based on the rule that it is a commandment to get married and hold kids and it is out to â€Å"waste seed† . This jurisprudence is based on the narrative of Onan ( Gen 38:8-10 ) who was killed by God for practising sexual intercourse interruptus as a agency of birth control. Contraception besides interferes with reproduction. taught in the first commandment of the Torah ; â€Å"Be fruitful and multiply† . Furthermore. reformed and broad Jews allow birth control for a big figure of grounds. such a ground may be when the gestation may in anyhow harm the bearer of the babe. However. Orthodox Jews are more restrictive and believe that contraceptive method shouldn’t be used for selfish grounds or to wholly avoid holding kids. Through this sexual ethical instruction. Hebraism has been able to keep a model by which it can stay in a righteous and firm province. Sexually ethical behavior is cardinal to the stableness and morality of Judaism as it provides guidelines to the right manner to handle matrimony and the fact that it is disrespectful to withstand the belief in love and matrimony. In add-ons to this. acts that defy love are considered impudent and travel against the moral model that guides Judaism. Judaism believes in the importance of matrimony in the development and completeness of the human being and that a individual must take duty for the spouse and relationships must go on. Thus. Judaism doesn’t license sexual dealingss between spouses prior to marriage. as a sexual act itself is such a powerful force in specifying a relationship. A sexual failure can destruct a relationship despite anterior declarations of love. The lone manner to guarantee that there will be some grade of duty after sex through the act of matrimony. In the Torah. the word used for sex agencies â€Å"to know† . which indicates that Jews believed sex involved the bosom and head every bit good as the organic structure. The Godhead thought that a adult male and adult female are to go â€Å"one flesh† ( Gen 2:24 ) . indicated sacred elements nowadayss. the sexual act symbolizing the brotherhood of those created in God’s image. Thus. all strains of Judaism position sex as allowable merely within the holiness of matrimony. This position enables Judaism to stay honorable and unafraid because of the model that they follow. To reason. Sexual Ethical motives are critical to Judaism because they provided direct counsel on how to act morally and in conformity with the Torah and God. Sexual moralss as demonstrated and described in the Torah include Adultery. Homosexuality. Contraception and Pre-marital sex. Each of these dramas a polar function in supplying a model for the behavior that Jews must follow to guarantee that the tradition may go on in stableness and morality.

Six Things Your Ghostwriting Client Should Expect From You

Six Things Your Ghostwriting Client Should Expect From You Could you cut off your own arm in order to save your life? That was the first question one of my ghostwriting clients asked, because that was the position in which hed found himself a few years earlier. He had been forced to cut off his own arm when he became trapped in a flaming piece of farm equipment and the subsequent international attention was the reason he wanted to write a book. The result: Unthinkable Choice: The Story of Sampson Parker. Even so, it wasnt my answer to his first question that landed me the assignment (my answer was I hope I dont ever have to find out). It was the answer to questions he had asked others about me prior to our meeting. Then it was the answers to questions we dealt with as the writing process progressed that reaffirmed his contention that I was the writer for the job. That being said, there are six things your client should expect from you when they hire you as a ghostwriter:  ·         Trust  ·         Flexibility  ·         Experience  ·         Authentic voice  ·         Clear communication  ·         Confidentiality These six attributes will (not can) make or break your career. Lets take a look at why thats true. Trust. Your client must be assured of your character, your ability, and the truth in your words and actions. They need to know that their faith in you and your abilities is well founded and well placed. Flexibility. It is essential that you are able to adapt to new, different, or changing requirements. To paraphrase a popular saying, stuff happens, and as a ghostwriter one of your greatest assets will be your ability to go with the flow. Experience. Is this your first rodeo or have you done similar jobs before? How long have you been writing and how long have you been writing professionally? Theres a difference, and your client deserves an honest answer. Authentic voice. This is the quality that makes your writing unique. But as a ghostwriter, you also need the ability to write in a way that sounds like your client. You must be able to hear and reproduce your clients unique cadence and rhythm on every page. For example, after I turned in the first draft of the book Unthinkable Choice, Sampsons wife called me after she read it and said, I cant believe it. The book sounds exactly like him. Clear communication. There should be no gray areas when it comes to what you expect from the client and what they should expect from you. So, spell it out in a contract, because it will protect both of you. For example: my clients have final say over most content, but I have the final say in matters of style. Period. Additionally, every stage of the project delivery and all financial arrangements are spelled out in detail. Confidentiality. While this should be fairly obvious, lets be crystal clear. If they cant trust you to keep some things to yourself, they shouldnt hire you. Not everything you hear is for public consumption, though it might be vital as a way for you to better understand your client. In short, your client needs to know the person they have hired has both the ability and the character to develop the project. Meet those criteria, and you will create a steady demand for your services. Sidebar: Where do you find ghostwriting projects? Check sites like: = Craigslist.org (be careful here because in addition to really good leads there are a lot of scams and content mills listed) = JournalismJobs.com = Freelancedaily.net = Mediabistro.com = Freelancejobopenings.com. You can also search phrases such as ghostwriter and ghostwriter wanted on SimplyHired.com and Indeed.com. Book packagers are always looking for dependable ghostwriters and The American Book Producers Association is a great place to start your search for projects (abpaonline.org).

Educational Leadership Theories Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Educational Leadership Theories - Research Paper Example Educational leadership includes the process of establishing teams, as well as a united staff. Transformational leadership discusses how new levels of energy and commitment which the educators show can also lead to a general transformation of the organization. In the study, Robinson, et.al., (2008) demonstrated how transformational leadership improved the capacity of the workers to collaborate with each other and to assist each other in overcoming challenges in the fulfillment of their goals (Robinson, et.al., 2008). The study also discussed that the more teachers were actively involved in applying transformational leadership and in participating in collegial discussions, the better the impact they had on their students. With active transformational leadership, there was also an oversight and coordination of the general instructional program (Robinson, et.al., 2008). Applying transformational leadership has also been apparent in good performing schools with teachers adhering to clear performance standards in their teaching. With these applications of transformational leadership, it is apparent that it is a strong leadership theory to apply in teaching. McCormick (2009) discusses the essentials of transformational leadership and he cites how this leadership is defined in terms of its idealized influence and individual considerations. McCormick (2009) also discusses that transformational teachers are those who help students consider the bigger view of education by establishing idealized influence. These teachers often communicate with their students and point out to them how important education is and how it can provide a good vision for their future. In applying this leadership, the students have to be exposed to different lifestyles; and in the process consider various opportunities for their future (McCormick, 2009). This type of leadership has also been able to encourage frequent trips for students in order to view the bigger world, and to seek strong solution s for the problems they witnessed during these trips. Through transformational leadership, educators have been able to teach their students how to view themselves as leaders. Teachers applying the transformational leadership approach were able to get their students to read Romeo and Juliet as early as their sophomore year. These teachers were able to encourage the students to narrate the story in their own in way. In effect, the students were actually able to gain much depth in their understanding of Shakespeare and his poetry. By setting high standards for their students and by encouraging them to be more active in the learning process, the students were able to gain more skills and knowledge (McCormick, 2009). Transformational teaching also involves challenging assumptions about the school system. Where students were considered ‘unteachable,’ the transformational leaders were able to prove such concept wrong by teaching their students new ways of learning, as well as and new knowledge. Alger (2008) discusses that building an organizational culture which highlights stable improvement in educational programs can be a significant challenge. The leaders can be challenged in advocating strong leadership in these instances. Transformational le

Theories in Information Systems Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Theories in Information Systems - Coursework Example The behavior of actors like a particular individual or a whole organization upholds these institutions. One cognitive view advocates that a socialization process encodes a particular institution into a given actor. When the actor internalizes it, this transforms into a patterned behavior (script). Then the institution is reflected in this patterned behavior of the actor. This leads to the continuous reproduction of the institutions. When these institutions are enacted through the behavior of the actors, then other actors are able to witness this. This is the external manifestation of the institution which gives rise to a new process of socialization. However, after the passage of time, this externalization of the institutions through the behavior of its actors becomes an accepted fact. Then, the actors sometimes fail to realize their own behavior is actually reflective of an institution. Persons sharing the institution view it as perfectly logical for the behavior of the actors to be influenced by the institution.Organizational Learning Theory: This theory states that â€Å"in order to be competitive in a changing environment, organizations must change their goals and actions to reach those goals.† There are certain actions that the firm must consciously undertake to foster learning. When circumstances around it change, the firm must change its actions and it needs to be aware of the outcomes of its actions. The firm should be able to link its actions to their respective outcomes.... cultural explanations and an interest in properties of supra-individual units of analysis that cannot be reduced to aggregations or direct consequences of individuals’ attributes or motives.† The behavior of actors like a particular individual or a whole organization upholds these institutions. One cognitive view advocates that a socialization process encodes a particular institution into a given actor. When the actor internalizes it, this transforms into a patterned behavior (script). Then the institution is reflected through this patterned behavior of the actor. This leads to the continuous reproduction of the institutions. When these institutions are enacted through the behavior of the actors, then other actors are able to witness this. This is the external manifestation of the institution which gives rise to a new process of socialization. However, after the passage of time, this externalization of the institutions through the behavior of its actors becomes an accept ed fact. Then, the actors sometimes fail to realize their own behavior is actually reflective of an institution. Persons sharing the institution view it as perfectly logical for the behavior of the actors to be influenced by the institution. (York University 2010) Organizational Learning Theory: This theory states that â€Å"in order to be competitive in a changing environment, organizations must change their goals and actions to reach those goals.† There are certain actions that the firm must consciously undertake to foster learning. When circumstances around it change, the firm must change its actions and it needs to be aware of the outcomes of its actions. The firm should be able to link its actions to their respective outcomes. Under this theory, first the individuals participate in the initial

Leadership and Steve Jobs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership and Steve Jobs - Research Paper Example During his stay at Apple, Steve Jobs was praised due to his ability to structure the strategies of the company and its goals into an appealing story. The ability was evident through his ability to structure a coherent and a highly compelling narrative that merged the mission and the values being pursued, which was a key theme as a strategy for Apple. Based on the storytelling abilities of Steve Jobs and the management of the company, the narratives have resulted in the development of highly effective marketing movements and campaigns. One of these marketing campaigns is the â€Å"think different† series of advertisements, which offered the company, a platform from which they could distinguish themselves from competing companies (Lashinsky & Burke, 2009). Through the storytelling and idea packaging abilities, Jobs was able to structure the visions of the company, about its products – in ways that different stakeholders could identify with. For example, Jobs projected the vision of developing user-friendly computers that would change the lives of people like the telephone and automobiles had done, which the company realized (Lashinsky & Burke, 2009). This characteristic is evidenced by the ability of a leader, to develop meanings around factors, forces and trends that are external to the business, and then utilise the knowledge to develop models and to formulate business strategies that differentiate the business from others. Following Steve Job’s ability to seize available and upcoming opportunities, Steve Jobs was able to align the Apple Company to the external environment of the organization to develop opportunities (Dalrymple, 2009). Following his outlook, Jobs was able to tell that the niche in the personal computing was not large enough for the company to exploit. Following the realization, Jobs was able to foresee the

Manoeuvre Warfare And Its Applicability In Mountains History Essay

Manoeuvre Warfare And Its Applicability In Mountains History Essay 1. According to Richard Simpkin, there is normally a 50 year cycle in respect of radical changes in military equipment, force structure and doctrine. Historical evidence conclusively proves that there is a gestation period of 30 50 years before a radical thought process is fully accepted and adopted. This is because of the lengthening Research and development cycle, time lag in introduction and training with new equipment, and organisational inertia of armed forces leading to resistance to change. 2. If we take the thirties when Guderians mechanisation programmes were in full swing, as the effective apogee of a 50 year cycle we might now expect to be at the zenith of the next one. No wonder we find several of the advanced worlds major armed forces in a greater or lesser state of flux. On one hand technological changes in form of top attack systems, compound and reactive armour , rotary wing revolution , lethality of ground and air delivered precision guided munitions and advanced C3I systems are influencing warfare. On the other hand radical changes are taking place in military thought to switch over from Attrition Warfare to Manoeuvre Warfare. The shift away from attrition warfare was first thought about by Liddel Hart and Fuller in twenties. They gave prominence to manoeuvre employing mechanised forces. The Germans led by Guderian grasped these theories and put them into practice in the form of Blitzkreig. The Russians, concurrently with the Germans developed the Deep Operat ion Theory and seriously got down to further refinement of this concept with the help of technological advancements. Israel is a unique case where the Jewish army, recreated after 2000 years, adopted manoeuvre warfare at the onset without going through the agonies of bloodshed, stalemates and defeat through attrition warfare. The 1956, 67 and 73 Arab-Israeli wars now success models for manoeuvre warfare. Such is the inherent inertia of armed forces that it took the military reform movement in US to nearly a decade plus to convince them ti switch over to manoeuvre warfare in the form of Air Land Battle Doctrine which by their own admission was one of the major contributing factors for success in the Gulf War. 3. It is with deep regret that one has to say that the theory of war is not a subject of detailed study in our army leading to knee jerk approach to operational matters. At a time when all major armies are seriously debating and introducing manoeuvre warfare our understanding of the term is in theory only. 4. Today, we have a large standing army- larger than what the Germans had when they institutionalised Blitzkrieg. Technologically it is still shades below the the advanced countries, but when compared to our adversaries it is definitely more advanced. Our overall thinking is governed by attrition/positional warfare. We have not been able to institutionalise our concepts for employment of armed forces. In any future war, unless we have an institutionalised doctrine/concept for their employment, the immense potential of armed forces is unlikely to be fully exploited. 5. Indian army executed the most brilliant campaign based on manoeuvre warfare the Bangladesh War 1971 wherein Bangladesh was liberated at a relatively low cost and the Pakistan Army largely intact was defeated and 93.000 prisoners were captured. By manoeuvre in time and space, the enemy mind was paralysed into inaction. The Bangladesh campaign is taught in foreign countries as the most complete campaign based on manoeuvre warfare. Yet it is an irony that our Army is just loosely following manoeuvre, in both theory as well as practice, for decades now. 6. There is therefore a need to understand, institutionalise and apply the war fighting philosophy of manoeuvre warfare in the present times as it does not permit us a long battle  [2]  . The study focuses on the vital essentials of manoeuvre warfare and analysis how this approach can be satisfactorily applied in mountains and developed terrain in the Indian context. Manoeuvre Warfare 7. The art of achieving great victories at the least cost has been amply and repeatedly demonstrated in history. The single most pronounced factor recognisable in these campaigns and battles is the use of manoeuvre. Manoeuvre has been accepted as the most appropriate form of warfare as opposed to the more costly and rigid form of positional and attrition warfare as seen in First World War. In manoeuvre warfare, the goal is to incapacitate by systematic disruption and dislocation. The target is the coherence of the adversarys combat system, methods and plans. The hope is that a very selective action can have a cascading effect, an effect disproportionately greater than the degree of effort. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 8. The aim of the study is to examine the significance of manoeuvre warfare and to analyse its application in mountains and developed terrain in the Indian context. HYPOTHESIS 9. Manoeuvre warfare is a war fighting philosophy that seeks to shatter the enemys physical and psychological cohesion through a series of rapid and unexpected actions and can be successfully applied in any terrain or scenario from the tactical to the strategic level provided the basic tenets are adhered to. Thus, the concept can be equally and efficiently applied in mountains and developed terrain in the Indian context. JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY 10. The Indian Army Doctrine Section 20: Para 7.14 directs our focus on the intellectual understanding, institutionalisation and implementation of manoeuvre warfare and Directive command  [3]  . The challenge before the Indian Army is to apply this sub doctrine of war fighting and command. The doctrine for war fighting for the future must dwell on What is the swiftest and economically cheapest way to achieve a victory? What is the likely future battlefield scenario in which a war on the sub-continent will be fought? How can this doctrine be applied at the strategic, operational, and tactical level? 11. The answers could lie in the concept of manoeuvre warfare, which seeks to pit own strength against enemys weakness and break his will to fight. Successful application of manoeuvre warfare by Rommel in the North African Deserts in World War II, by Israelis in the 1967 Yom-Kippur war and more recently in Operation Desert Storm in the Gulf war, seems to point out that the Indian Army could consider experimenting with this doctrine. Also, the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) today is about more than building new high-tech weapons, though that is certainly a part of it. Its also about new ways of thinking, new ways of fighting. Preparing for the future will require us to think differently and develop the kinds of forces and capabilities that can adapt quickly to new challenges and to unexpected circumstances  [4]  . The Gulf War is widely accepted as a transitional point to new kind of war. This new war was fought with precision weapons with minimal collateral damage and with vastly improved means of real-time information, surveillance and target acquisition. It was realised that destruction of the enemys means of command and control should be the prime canon of military doctrine. Thus, this kind of warfare, when fully developed would be knowledge based information age warfare characterised by manoeuvre rather than attrition warfare. Another reason due to which many armies have adopted or are considering adopting this style of warfare is due to pressing need to reduce the size of the army in the light of the rising costs of maintaining a large standing army. Manoeuvre warfare relies on speed and audacity rather than numerical superiority and thus meets the requirements of achieving victory with a leaner and smaller army. 12. In the light of the arguments given above the subject Manoeuvre Warfare and its Applicability in mountains and developed terrain has been chosen for the study. SCOPE OF THE STUDY 13. The research shall seek to study the essentials of manoeuvre warfare and its characteristics and to make it more meaningful the study will narrow down its focus on application of manoeuvre warfare in the developed terrain in Indian context. It will concentrate on the aspects needing attention in our thought process and the organisational and institutional changes necessary to facilitate this approach. The basic premise of the research is that manoeuvre warfare is a war fighting philosophy and can be successfully applied in any terrain or scenario from the tactical to strategic level provided the basic tenets are adhered to. ORGANISATION OF THE DISSERTATION 14. The dissertation has been divided into following chapters:- (a) Chapter I. Introduction. (b) Chapter II. Essential elements of Manoeuvre Warfare. (c) Chapter III. Institutionalising Manoeuver Warfare. (d) Chapter IV. Characteristics of Developed Terrain and Challenges in Application of Manoeuvre Warfare in Indian Context (e) Chapter V. Recommendations and Suggested Changes for Application of Manoeuvre Warfare in Developed Terrain. Higher Defence Organisation. Directive Style of Command. Training. Creating an Environment of Military Creativity. Changes at Strategic and Operational Level. Changes at Tactical Level. Application of Strike Corps. Information Dominance. (f) Chapter VI. Conclusion. CONCLUSION 15. The concept of manoeuvre warfare is as much a state of mind as it is a theory. It emphasizes the importance of seizing the initiative and maintaining the initiative. It is a style of warfare that encourages the degradation of the enemy through disorientation, disruption and dislocation and finally destruction of his tactical cohesion. It is a concept that is more psychological than physical. It is indirect rather than direct approach to conflict. Manoeuvre warfare has application across the entire spectrum of conflict from strategy to tactics. 16. Only the study of manoeuvre warfare as a theory will serve no purpose to professional soldier. The applicability of this concept, especially in developed terrain in the western sector, has been examined in this study. 17. Also, important institutional and organisational changes must follow and support doctrinal change, if new doctrine is to be fully realised in action. Manoeuvre warfare provides an excellent and economical method for successful execution of war fighting in futuristic battlefield scenario especially in developed terrain. We need to learn and understand its intricacies and implement its tenets in peace and war. We in the twentieth century have two thousand years of fighting experience behind us, and if we still must fight a war, we have no excuse for not fighting it well. TE Lawrence

Ambiguity in Reason in Orlando Furioso Essay -- Orlando Furioso Essays

Ambiguity in Reason in Orlando Furioso  Ã‚   Ariosto addresses an underlying battle between reason and lust in Orlando Furioso, similar to the clash between duty and desires in Vergil’s Aeneid, yet opposite in interpretation. Vergil presents the message that duty overpowers desires, while Ariosto shows the opposite effect when he equates reason, rules, and authority with duty, and love, passion, and lust with desire. The "mettlesome charger" represents Lust that will not stop fighting to obtain its goals and cannot be gently coerced from its direction. Reason rarely overcomes Lust after it is set into action; once it is "tasted" it cannot be forgotten. Bradamant is torn between lust and reason when she must choose between her desires for Ruggiero and her filial duties. Aymon and Beatrice represent authority, thus set the tone for reason; but Rinaldo, Bradamant, and Ruggiero challenge their supremacy. Ariosto ultimately questions the validity of authoritative reason since Bradamant must thwart filial duty and pursue her o wn passions to fulfill her destiny. When Rinaldo promises Bradamant’s hand to Ruggiero in marriage, controversy surfaces. Rinaldo feels indebted to Ruggiero for his great deeds, which include saving the lives of Richardet, Maugis, and Vivian. Rinaldo has only good intentions in mind when he takes a stand, and "[he] truly [believes] that Aymon [will] be pleased to contract such a kinship." (44.11) However, his prediction proves false; Aymon angrily receives the news. Not only does he have plans of his own for Bradamant’s future, he is enraged that Rinaldo "[dares] to marry off his daughter without consulting him" (44.36). Aymon prefers to give Bradamant’s hand to Constantine’s son Leo because he has the grea... ...duty expressed through Merlin’s prophecy. Following the reason of authority, this goal would never have been met, however, relying on the reason of the heart, it is. Ariosto suggests that rules are refined rather than broken when they are not followed, because the authority, which sets them into play, can be less valid than the passions driving the "counter" action. The student may wish to begin the paper with the quote below: "A mettlesome charger will often suffer himself to be reined in from a gallop however gentle the hand on the rein. Seldom however, will the bridle of Reason check rabid Lust once it scents its quarry. It is like a bear: there is no distracting him from the honey once he has sniffed at it or tasted a drop left in the jar." (Canto 11.1) Works Cited Ariosto. Orlando Furioso. Trans. Waldman. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983